Image processing algorithms for compensation of the scattered radiation influence in X-ray imaging are proposed, studied and optimized by numerical simulation. These algorithms include the scattering estimation by convolution (superposition) technique, estimation of kernel functions by Monte Carlo (MC) simulation, the determination of the optimal number and shape of kernel functions and image segmentation. The determination of the number and shape of kernel functions was performed by the MC simulation of the realistic Zubal phantom and the clustering analysis of shape features of kernel functions. Testing simulation study of the algorithms for chest images at 75 keV proves that the optimal number of kernel functions is equal to 8. This number provides the three-fold contrast enhancement without using the anti-scatter grids. The achieved contrast is about 95% of the primary image contrast that exceeds contrast enhancements achieved with anti-scatter grids. An increased number of used kernel functions provides a better image contrast and better resolution of scattered radiation image, but estimation errors also increase due to the segmentation and deconvolution errors.

中文翻译：

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用于 X 射线图像改进的散射辐射的优化估计：真实模拟

通过数值模拟提出、研究和优化了用于补偿X射线成像中散射辐射影响的图像处理算法。这些算法包括卷积（叠加）技术的散射估计、蒙特卡罗（MC）模拟的核函数估计、核函数的最佳数量和形状的确定以及图像分割。核函数的数量和形状的确定是通过对真实 Zubal 体模的 MC 模拟和核函数形状特征的聚类分析来进行的。对75 keV胸部图像算法的测试仿真研究证明，核函数的最佳数量等于8。该数量提供了三倍对比度增强，而无需使用抗散射网格。达到的对比度约为主图像对比度的 95%，超过了使用抗散射网格实现的对比度增强。使用的核函数数量的增加提供了更好的图像对比度和更好的散射辐射图像分辨率，但由于分割和解卷积误差，估计误差也会增加。