Using artificial tracer tests, this study confirms the presence of a single basal aquifer feeding the springs in the wide and complex hydrogeological boundary of the Sibillini Mountains of central Italy. The tracer was introduced into the sinkhole of the Castelluccio di Norcia plain. The tracer test results, observed at the studied springs, highlight the changes induced by the 2016/2017 earthquake in the water circulation of the aquifer system. In particular, the seismic events increased the hydraulic conductivity of the basal aquifer, with a consequent increase in the springs’ flow rates at the western hydrogeological boundary and a decrease in the flow rates at the eastern Adriatic hydrogeological boundary. This phenomenon is in accordance with the hydro-structural framework of the area. The study also investigated the relation between groundwater circulation and tracer behaviour in the springs during the pre- and post-earthquake periods. The tracer test results led to the formulation of hypotheses about water circulation of the area. The trend of the tracer breakthrough curves demonstrates that the upper portion of the basal aquifer is characterised by fast water circulation similar to that in the epiphreatic area of karst aquifers, while a slow circulation due to fissures with interconnected drains occurs in the deepest portion of the aquifers. The obtained results highlight how tectonics and karst can affect the hydrogeological setting of the Apennine carbonate chain; in particular, the seismicity of central Italy may alter groundwater circulation for a long period of time when great magnitude earthquakes occur.

使用人工示踪剂测试，这项研究证实了在意大利中部西比利尼山的宽阔而复杂的水文地质边界中，有一个单一的基底含水层为春季的水供给。示踪剂被引入到Castelluccio di Norcia平原的水槽中。在所研究的泉水处观察到的示踪剂测试结果突显了2016/2017年地震在含水层系统水循环中引起的变化。特别是，地震事件增加了基底含水层的水力传导率，从而增加了西部水文地质边界处的泉水流速，并降低了亚得里亚海东部水文地质边界处的流速。这种现象符合该地区的水文结构框架。该研究还研究了地震前后地震期间地下水循环与示踪剂行为之间的关系。示踪剂测试结果导致有关该地区水循环的假设的提出。示踪剂突破曲线的趋势表明，基底含水层的上部具有与喀斯特含水层上生区相似的快速水循环特征，而在最深部则发生了由相互连接的排水沟引起的缓慢循环。含水层。所得结果突出说明了构造和岩溶如何影响亚平宁碳酸盐链的水文地质环境。特别是在发生大地震时，意大利中部的地震活动可能会在很长一段时间内改变地下水循环。