Fish mortality generally occurs during extreme summer temperatures in India which are apprehended to be more frequent in near future and may reduce the fish population, particularly in closed aquatic systems. This present study is conducted with the objectives to find out heat shock and associated oxidative stress responses that occurred in selected fish Labeo rohita due to extremely high water temperature (treated, 37–38 °C against control, 28–30 °C) exposure for 2 weeks. Calculated mortality was 30% during the experimental period. The results revealed the biomolecules associated with both the anti-oxidative response (reduced glutathione in serum, liver, muscle; catalase activity in liver, muscle; superoxide dismutase gene expression in the liver) and the heat shock response (hsp70 gene expression in the liver) were elevated under thermal stress. Pro-inflammatory responses (expression of complement protein 3, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase in the liver) and oxidative damages (lipid peroxidation in all studied tissue and DNA fragmentation in the liver) were more under thermal stress. Extreme thermal stress induced by partial lethal temperature exposure in this study led to the activation of both the heat shock response and the anti-oxidative response. However, these responses were not elicited to the level so that they can protect from oxidative damages and inflammation in the liver of all the studied fish that caused partial mortality in fish. Thermal stress–induced hepatotoxicity caused fish death which was documented for the first time in freshwater fish.

鱼类死亡通常发生在印度的夏季极端温度下，人们认为这在不久的将来会更加频繁，并且可能减少鱼类种群，特别是在封闭的水生系统中。进行本研究的目的是找出在某些鱼类Labeo rohita中发生的热激和相关的氧化应激反应由于极高的水温（经过处理，相对于对照温度为37–38°C，为28–30°C）暴露了2周。在实验期间，计算出的死亡率为30％。结果揭示了与抗氧化反应（血清，肝脏，肌肉中的谷胱甘肽减少；肝脏，肌肉中的过氧化氢酶活性；肝脏中的超氧化物歧化酶基因表达）和热休克反应（肝脏中的hsp70基因表达）相关的生物分子。 ）在热应力作用下升高。在热应激下，促炎反应（肝脏中补体蛋白3的表达，3-磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶的表达）和氧化损伤（所有研究的组织中的脂质过氧化和肝脏中的DNA片段化）更多。在这项研究中，由部分致死性温度暴露引起的极度热应力导致了热激反应和抗氧化反应的激活。但是，并未引起这些反应，因此它们可以保护所有引起鱼类部分死亡的鱼类免受氧化损伤和肝脏炎症的影响。热应激引起的肝毒性导致鱼死亡，这在淡水鱼中首次得到了证明。