The evolution of the wave function in quantum mechanics is deterministic like that of classical waves. Only when we bring in observers the fundamentally different quantum reality emerges. Similarly the introduction of observers changes the nature of spacetime by causing a split between past and future, concepts that are not well defined in the observer-free world. The induced temporal boundary leads to a resonance condition for the oscillatory vacuum solutions of the metric in Euclidean time. It corresponds to an exponential de Sitter evolution in real time, which can be represented by a cosmological constant ##IMG## [http://ej.iop.org/images/2399-6528/4/10/105001/jpcoabbab8ieqn1.gif] {${\rm{\Lambda }}=2{\pi }^{2}/{r}_{u}^{2}$} , where r u is the radius of the particle horizon at the epoch when the observer exists. For the present epoch we get a value of Λ that agrees with the observed value within 2 σ of the observational er...

中文翻译：

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由观察者引起的边界条件引起的宇宙常数

与经典波一样，量子力学中波函数的演化是确定性的。只有当我们引入观察者时，才会出现根本不同的量子现实。同样，引入观察者会引起过去和未来的分裂，从而改变了时空的性质，而在无观察者的世界中，这些概念并没有得到很好的定义。诱导的时间边界导致该度量在欧几里德时间内的振荡真空解的共振条件。它对应于实时的de Sitter指数演化，可以用宇宙常数## IMG ## [http://ej.iop.org/images/2399-6528/4/10/105001/jpcoabbab8ieqn1表示。 gif] {$ {\ rm {\ Lambda}} = 2 {\ pi} ^ {2} / {r} _ {u} ^ {2} $}，其中ru是当时间点时粒子水平线的半径观察者存在。