AIM To describe the first unprovoked seizure in typically developing children, its clinical characteristics, recurrence rate, and possible risk factors in a real-life setting in Southern Brazil. METHOD In this retrospective cohort study, medical records of typically developing children aged 28 days to 14 years who had a first unprovoked seizure in a single tertiary care center were reviewed, in a 10-year period (2006-2016). RESULTS Seventy-four children were included, 41 males and 33 females. The most frequent age group of the first seizure was 5 to 10 years and seizure main type was focal (50%). Most seizures occurred while children were awake (70%). All patients underwent an electroencephalogram (EEG), which was normal in 44.6%. Neuroimaging was performed in 81%, in 2 cases the etiology was considered structural, the remaining was classified as unknown. Median follow-up period was 32.5 months. Seizure recurrence rate was 56.7% and age younger than 5 years was a possible risk factor. INTERPRETATION In the subpopulation of Brazilian typically developing children with a first unprovoked epileptic seizure there is a high recurrence rate. An abnormal EEG was a common finding, although it was not associated with a higher risk of seizure recurrence. A possible risk factor was age younger than 5 years, which may suggest a more rigorous follow-up of these patients.

中文翻译：

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正常发育儿童的首次无端癫痫发作：巴西南部的真实生活环境

目的 描述巴西南部真实生活环境中典型发育儿童的首次无端癫痫发作、其临床特征、复发率和可能的危险因素。方法 在这项回顾性队列研究中，回顾了 10 年期间（2006 年至 2016 年）在单一三级保健中心首次无端癫痫发作的 28 天至 14 岁典型发育儿童的医疗记录。结果共纳入74名儿童，男41名，女33名。首次发作的最常见年龄组为 5 至 10 岁，发作主要类型为局灶性（50%）。大多数癫痫发作发生在儿童清醒时（70%）。所有患者均接受了脑电图 (EEG)，其中 44.6% 正常。81% 的患者进行了神经影像学检查，2 例病因被认为是结构性的，其余的被列为未知。中位随访时间为 32.5 个月。癫痫复发率为 56.7%，年龄小于 5 岁是一个可能的危险因素。解释 在首次无诱因癫痫发作的巴西典型发育儿童亚群中，复发率很高。脑电图异常是一个常见的发现，尽管它与癫痫复发的风险较高无关。一个可能的风险因素是年龄小于 5 岁，这可能表明对这些患者进行更严格的随访。脑电图异常是一个常见的发现，尽管它与癫痫复发的风险较高无关。一个可能的风险因素是年龄小于 5 岁，这可能表明对这些患者进行更严格的随访。脑电图异常是一个常见的发现，尽管它与癫痫复发的风险较高无关。一个可能的风险因素是年龄小于 5 岁，这可能表明对这些患者进行更严格的随访。