Financially profitable large-scale cultivation of oil palm monocultures in previously diverse tropical rain forest areas constitutes a major ecological crisis today. Not only is a large proportion of the aboveground diversity lost, but the belowground soil microbiome, which is important for the sustainability of soil function, is massively altered. Intermixing oil palms with native tree species promotes vegetation biodiversity and stand structural complexity in plantations, but the impact on soil fungi remains unknown. Here, we analyzed the diversity and community composition of soil fungi three years after tree diversity enrichment in an oil palm plantation in Sumatra (Indonesia). We tested the effects of tree diversity, stand structural complexity indices, and soil abiotic conditions on the diversity and community composition of soil fungi. We hypothesized that the enrichment experiment alters the taxonomic and functional community composition, promoting soil fungal diversity. Fungal community composition was affected by soil abiotic conditions (pH, N, and P), but not by tree diversity and stand structural complexity indices. These results suggest that intensive land use and abiotic filters are a legacy to fungal communities, overshadowing the structuring effects of the vegetation, at least in the initial years after enrichment plantings.

中文翻译：

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传统植物的影响遮荫树多样性对油棕富集人工林土壤真菌群落的影响

在以前多样化的热带雨林地区，经济上可盈利的大规模种植油棕单一栽培今天构成了重大的生态危机。不仅丧失了很大一部分的地上多样性，而且对土壤功能的可持续性至关重要的地下土壤微生物组也发生了巨大变化。油棕与本地树种的混合会促进植被的生物多样性并在人工林中保持结构的复杂性，但是对土壤真菌的影响仍然未知。在这里，我们分析了苏门答腊（印度尼西亚）油棕人工林中树木多样性富集三年后土壤真菌的多样性和群落组成。我们测试了树木多样性，林分结构复杂性指数以及土壤非生物条件对土壤真菌多样性和群落组成的影响。我们假设富集实验改变了分类学和功能性群落组成，促进了土壤真菌的多样性。真菌群落组成受土壤非生物条件（pH，N和P）的影响，但不受树木多样性和林分结构复杂性指数的影响。这些结果表明，密集的土地使用和非生物过滤器是真菌群落的遗产，至少在富集种植后的最初几年就掩盖了植被的结构效应。