Abstract

The undesirable stresses and deformations during a high-speed crash can cause a short circuit or sudden fire in the battery packs, which represents a significant safety concern for vehicles. In this paper, computer-aided simulations are conducted to provide a supplemental and economic approach to evaluate the crashworthiness of a battery-pack enclosure. First, a nonlinear dynamic finite element model of a battery-pack enclosure is established and validated using the modal test. The crush and crash simulations, based on the governing equations and explicit FE code, LS-DYNA, are performed according to the test standard. Second, three high-strength steel materials are used in the validated finite-element model to perform a crashworthiness simulation with respect to robustness and lightweight design. The results show how both materials and thickness affect the crashworthiness of an automotive battery-pack enclosure. Finally, the weight of the battery-pack enclosure is reduced, while the crashworthiness is improved as well.

摘要

高速碰撞过程中的不良应力和变形会导致电池组短路或突然起火，这对车辆来说是一个重大的安全问题。在本文中，进行计算机辅助模拟以提供一种补充且经济的方法来评估电池组外壳的耐撞性。首先，使用模态试验建立并验证了电池组外壳的非线性动态有限元模型。根据测试标准执行基于控制方程和显式有限元代码 LS-DYNA 的挤压和碰撞模拟。其次，在经过验证的有限元模型中使用了三种高强度钢材，就稳健性和轻量化设计进行了耐撞性模拟。结果显示了材料和厚度如何影响汽车电池组外壳的耐撞性。最后，减轻了电池组外壳的重量，同时提高了耐撞性。