Environmental effects on the covariation among pace‐of‐life traits,Ethology

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Environmental effects on the covariation among pace‐of‐life traits
Ethology ( IF 1.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-10-13 , DOI: 10.1111/eth.13098
Anni M. Hämäläinen _{1,

2,

3} , Anja Guenther _{4,

5} , Samantha C. Patrick ₆ , Wiebke Schuett _{7,

8}

Affiliation

Pace‐of‐life syndromes (POLSs) are suites of life‐history, physiological and behavioural traits that arise due to trade‐offs between allocation to current and future reproduction. Traits generally show covariation that can arise from genetic and environmental influences on phenotypes and constrain the independent evolution of traits, resulting in fitness consequences and impacts on population dynamics. The notion that correlations among traits may vary among populations along environmental gradients suggests an important role for the environment in shaping and maintaining POLSs. However, no synthesis has been attempted of the myriad ways in which environmental factors should influence POLSs. Here, we formulate a series of hypotheses targeting the critical interfaces of the environment and life‐history ‐ behaviour associations across different organisms. We discuss the hypotheses in light of findings from a systematic review of studies that measured changes in the association between behaviour and life‐history traits as a function of environmental conditions. The review revealed that POLSs are often shaped by environmental variation, where harshness of the environment in early life has the most consistent effects on POLS. However, only partial or no effects of environmental variation were found in a number of studies, which may result from the highly variable study systems, traits and environments studied. We highlight promising directions arising from the available studies and identify knowledge gaps that, if unaddressed, will impede progress in the field.

中文翻译：

环境对生活节奏特征之间协变的影响

生活节奏综合症（POLS）是一整套生活历史，生理和行为特征，这些特征是由于分配当前和未来繁殖之间的权衡而产生的。性状通常表现出可能由遗传和环境对表型的影响而引起的协变，并且会限制性状的独立进化，从而导致适应性后果以及对种群动态的影响。性状之间的相关性可能随环境梯度在不同种群之间变化的观点表明，环境在塑造和维护POLS中起着重要作用。但是，尚未尝试采用多种方法来影响环境因素影响POLS。这里，我们提出了一系列针对环境和跨不同生物的生命历史-行为关联的关键界面的假设。我们根据系统研究回顾的发现讨论假设，这些研究测量了行为和生活历史特征之间的关联随环境条件的变化。审查显示，POLS通常受环境变化的影响，早期的环境恶劣对POLS具有最一致的影响。但是，在许多研究中仅发现了部分或完全没有环境变化的影响，这可能是由于研究系统，特征和环境的高度可变所致。我们重点介绍了现有研究提出的有希望的方向，并确定了如果未解决的知识差距，

更新日期：2020-12-14

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