Immuno‐oncology (IO) is an emerging option to treat cancer malignancies. In the last two years, IO has accounted for more than 90% of the new active drugs in various therapeutic indications of oncology drug development. Bioanalytical methods used for the quantitation of various IO small molecule drugs have been summarized in this review. The most commonly used are HPLC and LC–MS/MS methods. Determination of IO drugs from biological matrices involves drug extraction from the biological matrix, which is mostly achieved by simple protein precipitation, liquid–liquid extraction and solid‐phase extraction. Subsequently, quantitation is usually achieved by LC–MS/MS, but HPLC–UV has also been employed. The bioanalytical methods reported for each drug are briefly discussed and tabulated for easy access. Our review indicates that LC–MS/MS is a versatile and reliable tool for the sensitive, rapid and robust quantitation of IO drugs.

中文翻译：

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癌症治疗中小分子免疫肿瘤药物生物分析方法的简要概述

免疫肿瘤学（IO）是治疗癌症恶性肿瘤的新兴选择。在过去两年中，在肿瘤药物开发的各种治疗适应症中，IO占新活性药物的90％以上。这篇综述总结了用于定量各种IO小分子药物的生物分析方法。最常用的是HPLC和LC-MS / MS方法。从生物基质中确定IO药物涉及从生物基质中提取药物，这主要是通过简单的蛋白质沉淀，液-液萃取和固相萃取来实现的。随后，通常通过LC-MS / MS进行定量，但也使用了HPLC-UV。对每种药物报告的生物分析方法进行了简要讨论，并以表格形式列出，以方便获取。