Accumulating evidence suggests that chronic inflammation may play a critical role in various malignancies, including bladder cancer. This hypothesis stems in part from inflammatory cells observed in the urethral microenvironment. Chronic inflammation may drive neoplastic transformation and the progression of bladder cancer by activating a series of inflammatory molecules and signals. Recently, it has been shown that the microbiome also plays an important role in the development and progression of bladder cancer, which can be mediated through the stimulation of chronic inflammation. In effect, the urinary microbiome can play a role in establishing the inflammatory urethral microenvironment that may facilitate the development and progression of bladder cancer. In other words, chronic inflammation caused by the urinary microbiome may promote the initiation and progression of bladder cancer. Here, we provide a detailed and comprehensive account of the link between chronic inflammation, the microbiome and bladder cancer. Finally, we highlight that targeting the urinary microbiome might enable the development of strategies for bladder cancer prevention and personalized treatment.

越来越多的证据表明，慢性炎症可能在包括膀胱癌在内的各种恶性肿瘤中发挥关键作用。这一假设部分源于在尿道微环境中观察到的炎症细胞。慢性炎症可能通过激活一系列炎症分子和信号来驱动肿瘤转化和膀胱癌的进展。最近，研究表明微生物组在膀胱癌的发生和进展中也发挥着重要作用，这可以通过刺激慢性炎症来介导。实际上，尿液微生物组可以在建立炎症性尿道微环境中发挥作用，从而促进膀胱癌的发生和进展。换句话说，泌尿微生物组引起的慢性炎症可能促进膀胱癌的发生和进展。在这里，我们详细而全面地阐述了慢性炎症、微生物组和膀胱癌之间的联系。最后，我们强调，针对泌尿微生物组可能有助于制定膀胱癌预防和个性化治疗策略。