Abstract This paper studies application of different constrained control concepts for the control of Depth of Hypnosis (DOH) in closed-loop anesthesia to guarantee patient safety, while ensuring acceptable tracking performance. The core idea is to formulate Overdosing (OD) prevention and Blood Pressure Decrease (BPD) prevention as operational constraints, and then use a constrained control scheme to enforce the constraints satisfaction at all times. In this paper, three methods are studied: (1) Explicit Reference Governor (ERG), (2) Safety Preserving Control (SPC), and (3) Model Predictive Control (MPC). The performance of the methods is assessed with respect to a simulated surgical procedure for 44 patients whose models have been identified using clinical data. In particular, three realistic clinical scenarios are studied in this paper: (1) normal mode, (2) stimulation, and (3) low clearance. The results demonstrate cons and pros of each method in closed-loop anesthesia according to clinically relevant assessments.

中文翻译：

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闭环麻醉中的安全执法——一项比较研究

摘要 本文研究了不同约束控制概念在闭环麻醉中控制催眠深度 (DOH) 中的应用，以保证患者安全，同时确保可接受的跟踪性能。核心思想是将过量（OD）预防和血压降低（BPD）预防制定为操作约束，然后使用约束控制方案来始终强制满足约束条件。在本文中，研究了三种方法：（1）显式参考调节器（ERG），（2）安全保护控制（SPC），和（3）模型预测控制（MPC）。这些方法的性能是针对 44 名患者的模拟手术程序进行评估的，这些患者的模型已使用临床数据确定。特别是，本文研究了三种现实的临床场景：(1) 正常模式，(2) 刺激，和 (3) 低清除率。根据临床相关评估，结果证明了闭环麻醉中每种方法的优缺点。