Nanofibrils derived from natural biopolymers have received extensive interest due to their exceptional mechanical properties and excellent biocompatibility. To fabricate biocompatible chitosan nanocomposites with high mechanical performance, silkworm silks were deconstructed into nanofibrils as structural and mechanical reinforcement of chitosan. After dispersing silk nanofibrils in chitosan solution, a set of nanocomposites, including film, porous scaffold, filament, and nanofibrous sponge, could be fabricated from the blended solutions. Silk nanofibrils could be uniformly dispersed in chitosan solution, and formed multi-dimensional nanocomposites. The nanocomposites exhibited enhanced mechanical strength and thermal stability, and provided a biomimetic nanofibrous structure for biomaterial applications. The enhancement in mechanical properties can be attributed to the interaction between the nanofibril phase and the chitosan matrix. As the polysaccharide/protein bionanocomposites derived from natural biopolymers, these materials offer new opportunities for biomaterial application by virtue of their biocompatibility and biodegradability, as well as enhanced mechanical properties and controllable mesoscopic structure.

源自天然生物聚合物的纳米原纤维因其卓越的机械性能和出色的生物相容性而受到广泛关注。为了制备具有高机械性能的生物相容性壳聚糖纳米复合材料，将蚕丝解构为纳米纤维，作为壳聚糖的结构和机械增强。将丝纳米纤维分散在壳聚糖溶液中后，可以从混合溶液中制备出一组纳米复合材料，包括薄膜，多孔支架，长丝和纳米纤维海绵。蚕丝纳米纤维可以均匀地分散在壳聚糖溶液中，形成多维的纳米复合材料。纳米复合材料表现出增强的机械强度和热稳定性，并为生物材料应用提供了仿生纳米纤维结构。机械性能的提高可以归因于纳米原纤维相与壳聚糖基质之间的相互作用。作为源自天然生物聚合物的多糖/蛋白质生物纳米复合材料，这些材料凭借其生物相容性和生物降解性以及增强的机械性能和可控的介观结构，为生物材料的应用提供了新的机会。