Green fluorescence proteins (GFP) are appealing to a variety of biomedical and biotechnology applications, such as protein fusion, subcellular localizations, cell visualization, protein-protein interaction, and genetically encoded sensors. To mimic the fluorescence of GFP, various compounds, such as GFP chromophores analogs, hydrogen bond-rich proteins, and aromatic peptidyl nanostructures that preclude free rotation of the aryl-alkene bond, have been developed to adapt them for a fantastic range of applications. Herein, we firstly summarize the structure and luminescent mechanism of GFP. Based on this, the design strategy, fluorescent properties, and the advanced applications of GFP-inspired fluorophores are then carefully discussed. The diverse advantages of bioinspired fluorophores, such as biocompatibility, structural simplicity, and capacity to form a variety of functional nanostructures, endow them potential candidates as the next-generation bio-organic optical materials.

绿色荧光蛋白 (GFP) 正在吸引各种生物医学和生物技术应用，例如蛋白质融合、亚细胞定位、细胞可视化、蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用和基因编码传感器。为了模拟 GFP 的荧光，已开发出各种化合物，例如 GFP 发色团类似物、富含氢键的蛋白质和芳香族肽基纳米结构，这些化合物可阻止芳基-烯烃键的自由旋转，使它们适用于各种奇妙的应用。在此，我们首先总结了GFP的结构和发光机制。在此基础上，然后仔细讨论了 GFP 启发的荧光团的设计策略、荧光特性和高级应用。仿生荧光团的多种优势，如生物相容性、结构简单、