Pandoraea sp. is an emerging Gram-negative pathogen in cystic fibrosis causing severe and persistent inflammation and damage of the lungs. The molecular mechanisms underlying the high pathogenicity of Pandoraea species are still largely unknown. As Gram-negatives, Pandoraea sp. express lipopolysaccharides (LPS) whose recognition by the host immune system triggers an inflammatory response aimed at the bacterial eradication from the infected tissues. The degree of the inflammatory response strongly relies on the fine structure of the LPS and, in particular, of its glycolipid moiety, i.e. the lipid A. Here we report the structure of the lipid A isolated from the LPS of a chronic strain of P. pulmonicola (RL 8228), one of the most virulent identified so far among the Pandoraea species. Our data demonstrated that the examined chronic strain produces a smooth-type LPS with a complex mixture of hypoacylated lipid A species displaying, among other uncommon characteristics, the 2-hydroxylation of some of the acyl chains and the substitution by an additional glucosamine on one or both the phosphate groups.

潘多拉属 是囊性纤维化中新兴的革兰氏阴性病原体，可导致严重和持续的炎症和肺部损伤。Pandoraea物种高致病性的分子机制仍然很大程度上未知。作为革兰氏阴性菌，Pandoraea sp。表达脂多糖（LPS），其被宿主免疫系统识别引发炎症反应，旨在从感染组织中消灭细菌。炎症反应的程度强烈依赖于 LPS 的精细结构，特别是其糖脂部分，即脂质 A。在这里，我们报告了从 P.P. 慢性菌株的 LPS 中分离出来的脂质 A 的结构。肺结核（RL 8228），迄今为止在潘多拉物种中发现的毒性最强的物种之一。我们的数据表明，所检查的慢性菌株产生一种光滑型 LPS，其中含有低酰化脂质 A 物种的复杂混合物，除其他不常见的特征外，还表现出一些酰基链的 2-羟基化和一个或一个或多个氨基葡萄糖的取代。两个磷酸基团。