Vestibular rehabilitation (VR) is practiced across Europe but little in this area has been quantified. The aim of this study was to investigate current VR assessment, treatment, education, and research practices. This was an online, cross-sectional survey with 39 VR specific questions and four sections: demographics, current practice, education, and research. The survey was disseminated through the Dizzynet network to individual therapists through country-specific VR special interest groups. Results were analysed descriptively. A thematic approach was taken to analyse open questions. A total of 471 individuals (median age 41, range 23 − 68 years, 73.4% women), predominately physiotherapists (89.4%) from 20 European countries responded to the survey. They had worked for a median of 4 years (range < 1 − 35) in VR. The majority (58.7%) worked in hospital in-patient or out-patient settings and 21.4% in dedicated VR services. Most respondents specialized in neurology, care of the elderly (geriatrics), or otorhinolaryngology. VR was reported as hard/very hard to access by 48%, with the main barriers to access identified as lack of knowledge of health care professionals (particularly family physicians), lack of trained therapists, and lack of local services. Most respondents reported to know and treat benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV 87.5%), unilateral vestibular hypofunction (75.6%), and cervicogenic dizziness (63%). The use of vestibular assessment equipment varied widely. Over 70% used high-density foam and objective gait speed testing. Over 50% used dynamic visual acuity equipment. Infrared systems, Frenzel lenses, and dynamic posturography were not commonly employed (< 20%). The most frequently used physical outcome measures were the Clinical Test of the Sensory Interaction of Balance, Functional Gait Assessment/Dynamic Gait Index, and Romberg/Tandem Romberg. The Dizziness Handicap Inventory, Visual Analogue Scale, Falls Efficacy Scale, and the Vertigo Symptom Scale were the most commonly used patient reported outcome measures. Adaptation, balance, and habituation exercises were most frequently used (> 80%), with virtual reality used by 15.6%. Over 70% reported knowledge/use of Semont, Epley and Barbeque-Roll manoeuvres for the treatment of BPPV. Most education regarding VR was obtained at post-registration level (89.5%) with only 19% reporting pre-registration education. There was strong (78%) agreement that therapists should have professionally accredited postgraduate certification in VR, with blended learning the most popular mode. Three major research questions were identified for priority: management of specific conditions, effectiveness of VR, and mechanisms/factors influencing vestibular compensation and VR. In summary, the survey quantified current clinical practice in VR across Europe. Knowledge and treatment of common vestibular diseases was high, but use of published subjective and objective outcome measures as well as vestibular assessment varied widely. The results stress the need of improving both training of therapists and standards of care. A European approach, taking advantage of best practices in some countries, seems a reasonable approach.

欧洲各地都在进行前庭康复（VR），但该领域的研究很少。这项研究的目的是调查当前的VR评估，治疗，教育和研究实践。这是一项在线横断面调查，涉及39个VR特定问题和四个部分：人口统计，当前实践，教育和研究。该调查通过Dizzynet网络通过特定国家的VR特殊兴趣小组分发给各个治疗师。对结果进行描述性分析。采取了专题方法来分析公开问题。来自欧洲20个国家的471位患者（中位年龄41岁，年龄范围23-68岁，女性占73.4％）主要是物理治疗师（占89.4％）。他们在VR中平均工作了4年（范围<1-35）。多数（58。7％的人在医院的住院或门诊工作，21.4％的人在专门的VR服务中工作。大多数受访者专长于神经病学，老年人护理（老人科）或耳鼻喉科。据报告，VR的访问非常困难/非常困难，其中主要障碍是缺乏医疗保健专业人员（特别是家庭医生）的知识，缺乏训练有素的治疗师以及缺乏本地服务，这是48％的情况。大多数受访者报告了解并治疗良性阵发性位置性眩晕（BPPV 87.5％），单侧前庭功能减退（75.6％）和宫颈源性头晕（63％）。前庭评估设备的使用差异很大。超过70％的人使用了高密度泡沫和客观步态速度测试。超过50％的人使用了动态视力设备。红外线系统，Frenzel镜头，动态体位描记术和动态姿势描记术不常用（<20％）。最常用的身体结局指标是平衡感官相互作用的临床测试，功能步态评估/动态步态指数和Romberg / Tandem Romberg。头晕障碍量表，视觉模拟量表，跌倒效能量表和眩晕症状量表是患者报告的最常用的结局指标。最常使用适应，平衡和习惯锻炼（> 80％），使用虚拟现实的占15.6％。超过70％的人报告了使用Semont，Epley和Barbeque-Roll操纵知识来治疗BPPV。关于VR的大多数教育是在注册后获得的（89.5％），只有19％的人报告了注册前的教育。强烈（78％）的共识是，治疗师应获得VR的专业认可的研究生证书，其中混合学习是最受欢迎的模式。确定了三个主要的研究问题作为优先事项：特定条件的管理，VR的有效性以及影响前庭补偿和VR的机制/因素。总而言之，该调查对整个欧洲VR的当前临床实践进行了量化。常见的前庭疾病知识和治疗水平很高，但是已发表的主观和客观结果测量方法以及前庭评估的使用差异很大。结果强调需要同时改善治疗师的培训和护理标准。采用某些国家的最佳实践的欧洲方法似乎是一种合理的方法。混合学习是最受欢迎的模式。确定了三个主要的研究问题作为优先事项：特定条件的管理，VR的有效性以及影响前庭补偿和VR的机制/因素。总而言之，该调查量化了整个欧洲目前VR的临床实践。常见的前庭疾病知识和治疗水平很高，但已发表的主观和客观结果测量方法以及前庭评估的使用差异很大。结果强调需要同时改善治疗师的培训和护理标准。采用某些国家的最佳实践的欧洲方法似乎是一种合理的方法。混合学习是最受欢迎的模式。确定了三个主要的研究问题作为优先事项：特定条件的管理，VR的有效性以及影响前庭补偿和VR的机制/因素。总而言之，该调查对整个欧洲VR的当前临床实践进行了量化。常见的前庭疾病知识和治疗水平很高，但是已发表的主观和客观结果测量方法以及前庭评估的使用差异很大。结果强调需要同时改善治疗师的培训和护理标准。采用某些国家的最佳实践的欧洲方法似乎是一种合理的方法。以及影响前庭补偿和VR的机制/因素。总而言之，该调查量化了整个欧洲目前VR的临床实践。常见的前庭疾病知识和治疗水平很高，但是已发表的主观和客观结果测量方法以及前庭评估的使用差异很大。结果强调需要同时改善治疗师的培训和护理标准。采用某些国家的最佳实践的欧洲方法似乎是一种合理的方法。以及影响前庭补偿和VR的机制/因素。总而言之，该调查量化了整个欧洲目前VR的临床实践。常见的前庭疾病知识和治疗水平很高，但是已发表的主观和客观结果测量方法以及前庭评估的使用差异很大。结果强调需要同时改善治疗师的培训和护理标准。采用某些国家的最佳实践的欧洲方法似乎是一种合理的方法。结果强调需要同时改善治疗师的培训和护理标准。采用某些国家的最佳实践的欧洲方法似乎是一种合理的方法。结果强调需要同时改善治疗师的培训和护理标准。采用某些国家的最佳实践的欧洲方法似乎是一种合理的方法。