Next-generation radio telescopes, such as the Square Kilometre Array (SKA) and Next Generation Very Large Array (ngVLA), require precise microwave frequency reference signals to be transmitted over fiber links to each dish to coherently sample astronomical signals. Such telescopes employ phase stabilization systems to suppress the phase noise imparted on the reference signals by environmental perturbations on the links; however, the stabilization systems are bandwidth limited by the round-trip time of light traveling on the fiber links. A phase-locked receiver module (RM) is employed on each dish to suppress residual phase noise outside the round-trip bandwidth. The SKA RM must deliver a 3.96-GHz output signal with 4 MHz of tuning range and <100 fs of timing jitter. We present an RM architecture to meet both requirements. Analytical modeling of the RM predicts 30 fs of output jitter when the reference signal is integrated between 1 Hz and 2.8 GHz. The proposed RM was conceived with best practice electromagnetic compatibility in mind and to meet size, weight, and power requirements for the SKA dish indexer. As the ngVLA reference design also incorporates a round-trip phase stabilization system, this RM may be applicable to future ngVLA design.

中文翻译：

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中频方阵阵列的相位同步系统接收器模块

下一代射电望远镜，例如平方公里阵列（SKA）和下一代超大型阵列（ngVLA），需要精确的微波频率参考信号通过光纤链路传输到每个天线，以连贯地采样天文信号。这种望远镜采用相位稳定系统，以抑制由于链路上的环境干扰而给参考信号带来的相位噪声。但是，稳定系统的带宽受到光在光纤链路上往返时间的限制。每个碟形天线上都采用了锁相接收器模块（RM），以抑制往返带宽之外的残留相位噪声。SKA RM必须提供3.96 GHz输出信号，其调谐范围为4 MHz，时序抖动小于100 fs。我们提出一种RM架构来满足这两个要求。当参考信号在1 Hz至2.8 GHz之间积分时，RM的分析模型可预测30 fs的输出抖动。考虑到最佳实践电磁兼容性，并满足SKA碟式分度器的尺寸，重量和功率要求，提出了RM。由于ngVLA参考设计还包含往返相位稳定系统，因此该RM可能适用于未来的ngVLA设计。