We show that topology is a very effective tool, to construct classical Hamiltonian time crystals. For this we numerically analyze a general class of time crystalline Hamiltonians that are designed to model the dynamics of molecular closed strings. We demonstrate how the time crystalline qualities of a closed string are greatly enhanced when the string becomes knotted. The Hamiltonians that we investigate include a generalized Kratky-Porod wormlike chain model in combination with long range Coulomb and Lennard-Jones interactions. Such energy functions are commonplace in coarse grained molecular modeling. Thus we expect that physical realizations of Hamiltonian time crystals can be constructed in terms of knotted ring molecules.

中文翻译：

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自主拓扑时间晶体和棘手的分子马达

我们表明拓扑是一种非常有效的工具，可以构建经典的哈密顿时间晶体。为此，我们数值分析了一类一般的时间晶体哈密顿量，它们旨在模拟分子闭合弦的动力学。我们展示了当弦打结时，闭合弦的时间结晶质量如何大大增强。我们研究的哈密顿量包括一个广义的 Kratky-Porod 蠕虫链模型，并结合了长程库仑和伦纳德-琼斯相互作用。这种能量函数在粗粒度分子建模中很常见。因此，我们期望哈密顿时间晶体的物理实现可以用打结的环分子来构建。