The accuracy and reliability of solar tracking greatly impacts the performance of concentrator photovoltaic modules (CPV). Thus, it is of utmost significance to know how deviations in tracking influence CPV module power. In this work, the positioning characteristics of CPV modules compared to the focus points were investigated. The performance of CPV modules mounted on a dual-axis tracking system was analysed as a function of their orientation and inclination. The actual experiment was carried out with CPV cells of 3 mm in diameter. By using a dual tracking system under real weather conditions, the module’s position was gradually modified until the inclination differed by 5° relative to the optimal position of the focus point of the CPV module. The difference in inclination was established by the perfect perpendicularity to the Sun’s rays. The results obtained specifically for CPV technology help determine the level of accuracy that solar tracking photovoltaic systems are required to have to keep the loss in power yield under a certain level. Moreover, this power yield loss also demonstrated that the performance insensitivity thresholds of the CPV modules did not depend on the directions of the alterations in azimuthal alignment. The novelty of the research lies in the fact that earlier, no information had been found regarding the tracking insensitivity point in CPV technologies. A further analysis was carried out to compare the yield of CPV to other, conventional photovoltaic technologies under real Central European climate conditions. It was shown that CPV needs a sun tracking accuracy of at least 0.5° in order to surpass the yield of other PV technologies. Besides providing an insight into the tracking error values of solar tracking sensors, it is believed that the results might facilitate the planning of solar tracking sensor investments as well as the economic calculations related to 3 mm cell diameter CPV system investments.

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跟踪系统误差对CPV模块功率的影响

太阳跟踪的准确性和可靠性极大地影响了聚光光伏模块（CPV）的性能。因此，了解跟踪偏差如何影响CPV模块功率至关重要。在这项工作中，研究了与焦点相比的CPV模块的定位特性。根据其方向和倾斜度分析了安装在双轴跟踪系统上的CPV模块的性能。实际实验是使用直径为3 mm的CPV电池进行的。通过在实际天气条件下使用双重跟踪系统，逐渐更改模块的位置，直到相对于CPV模块焦点的最佳位置的倾斜度相差5°。倾斜度的差异是由与太阳光线的完美垂直关系确定的。专为CPV技术获得的结果有助于确定要求太阳能跟踪光伏系统将功率损耗保持在一定水平以下的精度水平。此外，这种功率损失还表明，CPV模块的性能不敏感阈值不取决于方位角对准变化的方向。这项研究的新颖性在于，以前没有发现有关CPV技术中跟踪不敏感点的信息。在真实的中欧气候条件下，进行了进一步的分析以比较CPV与其他常规光伏技术的产量。结果表明，CPV需要至少0.5°的太阳跟踪精度才能超过其他PV技术的产量。