Evidence suggests that temporal predictions arising from the motor system can enhance auditory perception. However, in speech perception, we lack evidence of perception being modulated by production. Here we show a behavioural protocol that captures the existence of such auditory–motor interactions. Participants performed a syllable discrimination task immediately after producing periodic syllable sequences. Two speech rates were explored: a ‘natural’ (individually preferred) and a fixed ‘non-natural’ (2 Hz) rate. Using a decoding approach, we show that perceptual performance is modulated by the stimulus phase determined by a participant’s own motor rhythm. Remarkably, for ‘natural’ and ‘non-natural’ rates, this finding is restricted to a subgroup of the population with quantifiable auditory–motor coupling. The observed pattern is compatible with a neural model assuming a bidirectional interaction of auditory and speech motor cortices. Crucially, the model matches the experimental results only if it incorporates individual differences in the strength of the auditory–motor connection.

有证据表明，运动系统产生的时间预测可以增强听觉感知。然而，在言语感知中，我们缺乏感知被生产调制的证据。在这里，我们展示了一个行为协议，它捕获了这种听觉-运动相互作用的存在。参与者在产生周期性音节序列后立即执行音节辨别任务。探索了两种语音速率：“自然”（个人偏好）和固定的“非自然”（2 Hz）速率。使用解码方法，我们表明知觉性能是由参与者自己的运动节奏决定的刺激阶段调制的。值得注意的是，对于“自然”和“非自然”比率，这一发现仅限于具有可量化的听觉-运动耦合的人群亚组。观察到的模式与假设听觉和言语运动皮层双向相互作用的神经模型兼容。至关重要的是，该模型只有在包含听觉-运动连接强度的个体差异时才与实验结果相匹配。