ABSTRACT

These findings from focus groups explore attitudes, beliefs, perspectives, and experiences relevant to workplace sexual harassment (WSH) among men and women farmworkers in California, USA, and Michoacán, Mexico. Focus groups are stratified by country and gender, with two in California (10 men and 10 women) and two in Michoacán (8 men and 5 women). This community-based participatory research includes Community Advisory Boards (CABs) consisting of farmworkers, academicians, non-profit organizations, attorneys, industry personnel, and community leaders who took part in strategy and the development of materials. Themes are related to the experience of, responses to, and farmworkers’ recommendations for prevention of WSH. Although men and women faced WSH, women’s experiences were more severe and frequent. Participants condemned WSH as contrary to principles of caballerosidad, cortesía, respeto – cultural values promoting respect for others and protection for vulnerable persons. Participants endorsed the notion that women are responsible for WSH. Although farmworkers try to resolve WSH on their own with help from co-workers, family, and leadership, they face significant barriers that silence victims and allow WSH to persist. All farmworkers recommended that management set a good example and enforce consequences for offenders. Implications include directly appealing to cultural values (emphasizing respect), incorporating bystander education, and countering the myth that women are responsible for WSH in workplace training. WSH is a recognized occupational hazard that affects all directly or indirectly exposed workers. We emphasize that employers are ultimately responsible for their workers’ safety, supported by a governmental regulatory role. Enforcement of existing policy is needed in California , whereas awareness and policy development is needed in Michoacán. These findings will support the researchers, agricultural community, educators, and organizations working to prevent WSH.

摘要

这些来自焦点小组的调查结果探讨了美国加利福尼亚州和墨西哥米却肯州的男性和女性农场工人与工作场所性骚扰 (WSH) 相关的态度、信念、观点和经历。焦点小组按国家和性别分层，加利福尼亚有两个（10 名男性和 10 名女性），两个在米却肯州（8 名男性和 5 名女性）。这种基于社区的参与性研究包括社区顾问委员会 (CAB)，该委员会由参与战略和材料开发的农场工人、学者、非营利组织、律师、行业人员和社区领导人组成。主题与预防 WSH 的经验、响应和农场工人的建议有关。虽然男性和女性都面临 WSH，但女性的经历更为严重和频繁。caballerosidad, cortesía, respeto– 促进尊重他人和保护弱势群体的文化价值观。与会者赞同妇女应对 WSH 负责的观点。尽管农场工人试图在同事、家人和领导的帮助下自己解决 WSH，但他们面临着使受害者沉默并让 WSH 持续存在的重大障碍。所有农场工人都建议管理层树立良好榜样，并对违法者实施惩罚。其含义包括直接诉诸文化价值观（强调尊重）、纳入旁观者教育，以及反驳女性在工作场所培训中负责 WSH 的神话。WSH 是一种公认​​的职业危害，会影响所有直接或间接接触的工人。我们强调雇主对其工人的安全负有最终责任，得到政府监管作用的支持。加州需要执行现有政策，而米却肯州需要提高意识和制定政策。这些发现将为致力于预防 WSH 的研究人员、农业社区、教育工作者和组织提供支持。