Abstract The expected future demand for highly nutrient animal food products will push the animal production system to search for new sources of high-quality protein feedstuffs. In this scenario, economic and environmental issues will have to be considered while reducing the competition with the plant-based human food chains. Legume grains and some oilseed cakes, by-products from the oil industry, are the main protein sources for ruminants and terrestrial monogastrics such as pigs and poultry. Their relevant role will hold in the next decades, but it is necessary to increase the diversification of sources that can be grown profitably throughout the world, including European countries. Microalgae are a promising source of protein and other nutrients for animal feeding. However, an amazing richness of biologically active substances makes these organisms very interesting as feed ingredients, as their role go far beyond the supply of nutrients. Due to the limited usage of microalgae as human foodstuffs or food ingredients, low competition between microalgae-based feed and food chains is predictable. This review aims to synthesise current knowledge on minor pulses and other protein-rich plant products and microalgae, as alternative ingredients to the conventional animal protein sources, focussing on their production, availability, and nutritional values. Points of strength, weakness, opportunity and threat related to the use of these protein sources in animal feeding are separately analysed through a SWOT approach to underlie future needs in terms of research and/or technological development that could help valorise these nutrient sources as feed ingredients.

中文翻译：

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饲料行业的蛋白质饥饿：植物界提供的替代品

摘要 未来对高营养动物食品的预期需求将推动动物生产系统寻找优质蛋白质饲料的新来源。在这种情况下，必须考虑经济和环境问题，同时减少与以植物为基础的人类食物链的竞争。豆类谷物和一些油籽饼是石油工业的副产品，是反刍动物和陆生单胃动物（如猪和家禽）的主要蛋白质来源。它们的相关作用将在未来几十年发挥作用，但有必要增加可以在世界各地（包括欧洲国家）盈利增长的来源的多样化。微藻是用于动物饲养的蛋白质和其他营养物质的有希望的来源。然而，生物活性物质的惊人丰富性使这些生物作为饲料成分非常有趣，因为它们的作用远远超出了营养供应。由于微藻作为人类食品或食品成分的使用有限，基于微藻的饲料和食物链之间的低竞争是可以预见的。本综述旨在综合目前关于小豆类和其他富含蛋白质的植物产品和微藻的知识，作为传统动物蛋白质来源的替代成分，重点是它们的生产、可用性和营养价值。强弱点，