ABSTRACT

In this paper, 1-methyl-2,4,5-triiodoimidazole (1) was nitrified with various nitrating reagents. 1-Methyl-2,4,5-triiodoimidazole mononitrate (2), 2,4-diiodo-1-methyl-5-nitroimidzole (3), 2,5-diiodo-1-methyl-4-nitroimidzole (4), 4,5-dinitro-2-iodo-1-methylimidzole (5), 2,4-dinitro-5-iodo-1-methylimidzole (6) and 2,4-dinitro-1-methylimidzole (8) were obtained as intermediate derivatives; and 1-methyl-2,4,5-trinitroimidazole (7) was gave as target compound; meanwhile, 1-methylimidazolidine-2,4,5-trione (9) was formed as a nitration by-product. These compounds were characterized by melting point, IR, NMR, and elemental analysis. The structure of (2)–(6) and (9) were further confirmed by single crystal X-ray diffraction. Furthermore, the formation enthalpy, detonation velocity and detonation pressure of (3)–(8) were calculated, and thermal decomposition temperature, impact sensitivity and friction sensitivity were measured. Using this nitration strategy to nitrify dense iodine-rich compounds, Agent Defeat Weapons (ADWs) with balanced iodine content and energy can be obtained.

摘要

本文采用多种硝化试剂对1-甲基-2,4,5-三碘咪唑( 1 )进行硝化。1-甲基-2,4,5-三碘咪唑一硝酸酯 ( 2 ), 2,4-二碘-1-甲基-5-硝基咪唑 ( 3 ), 2,5-二碘-1-甲基-4-硝基咪唑 ( 4 ),得到4,5-二硝基-2-碘-1-甲基咪唑( 5 )、2,4-二硝基-5-碘-1-甲基咪唑( 6 )和2,4-二硝基-1-甲基咪唑( 8 )作为中间体衍生品；得到1-甲基-2,4,5-三硝基咪唑( 7 )作为目标化合物；同时，1-甲基咪唑烷-2,4,5-三酮（9) 作为硝化副产物形成。通过熔点、IR、NMR和元素分析对这些化合物进行了表征。( 2 )-( 6 )和( 9 )的结构通过单晶X射线衍射得到进一步证实。进一步计算了( 3 )-( 8 )的地层焓、爆速和爆压，并测量了热分解温度、冲击敏感性和摩擦敏感性。使用这种硝化策略硝化密集的富含碘的化合物，可以获得碘含量和能量平衡的特工击败武器 (ADW)。