Hepatic steatosis commonly occurs in intensively farmed tilapia. This disease is harmful to fish growth and health, but knowledge of the metabolic changes in tilapia with fatty liver is limited. In the present study, we compared male genetically improved farmed tilapia (GIFT, Oreochromis niloticus) fed a high‐fat diet (HFD) with those fed a normal‐fat diet (NFD) for 8 weeks using LC–MS‐based hepatic metabolomic assays and traditional nutritional assessments. Juvenile GIFT fed a HFD accumulated more fat in the liver than did those fed a NFD. The metabolomic analyses revealed 36 differentially accumulated metabolites between the two groups, and these metabolites were involved in 25 signalling pathways. Our results indicate that development of fatty liver severely impairs hepatic lipid metabolism, leading to blockage of the TCA cycle and further disruptions to protein and carbohydrate metabolism in GIFT. These physiological changes may be related to the lower growth rate of GIFT fed a HFD. Overall, our results reveal the details of metabolic disorders in GIFT fed a HFD and enhance our knowledge of the mechanism of fatty liver formation in GIFT.

中文翻译：

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无针对性的LC-MS代谢组学方法揭示了高脂饮食诱导的遗传改良养殖罗非鱼（Oreochromis niloticus）的脂肪肝代谢变化

肝脏脂肪变性通常发生在精养罗非鱼中。这种疾病对鱼类的生长和健康有害，但对罗非鱼脂肪肝代谢变化的了解有限。在本研究中，我们比较了男性遗传改良养殖罗非鱼（GIFT，尼罗罗非鱼））使用基于LC-MS的肝代谢组学测定法和传统营养评估方法，以高脂饮食（HFD）和以普通脂肪饮食（NFD）喂养的食物喂养8周。饲喂HFD的青少年GIFT比饲喂NFD的青少年在肝脏中积累的脂肪更多。代谢组学分析揭示了两组之间36种差异累积的代谢产物，这些代谢产物参与25条信号通路。我们的结果表明，脂肪肝的发展会严重损害肝脂质代谢，从而导致TCA循环受阻，并进一步破坏GIFT中的蛋白质和碳水化合物代谢。这些生理变化可能与喂食HFD的GIFT的较低生长速率有关。总体，