The cell and stress‐specific canonical and noncanonical tRNA cleavage,Journal of Cellular Physiology

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The cell and stress‐specific canonical and noncanonical tRNA cleavage
Journal of Cellular Physiology ( IF 4.5 ) Pub Date : 2020-10-12 , DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30107
Sherif Rashad _{1,

2} , Teiji Tominaga ₂ , Kuniyasu Niizuma _{1,

2,

3}

Affiliation

Following stress, transfer RNA (tRNA) is cleaved to generate tRNA halves (tiRNAs). These tiRNAs have been shown to repress protein translation. Angiogenin was considered the main enzyme that cleaves tRNA at its anticodon to generate 35–45 nucleotide long tiRNA halves, however, the recent reports indicate the presence of angiogenin‐independent cleavage. We previously observed tRNA cleavage pattern occurring away from the anticodon site. To explore this noncanonical cleavage, we analyze tRNA cleavage patterns in rat model of ischemia–reperfusion and in two rat cell lines. In vivo mitochondrial tRNAs were prone to this noncanonical cleavage pattern. In vitro, however, cytosolic and mitochondrial tRNAs could be cleaved noncanonically. Our results show an important regulatory role of mitochondrial stress in angiogenin‐mediated tRNA cleavage. Neither angiogenin nor RNH1 appear to regulate the noncanonical tRNA cleavage. Finally, we verified our previous findings of the role of Alkbh1 in regulating tRNA cleavage and its impact on noncanonical tRNA cleavage.

中文翻译：

细胞和应激特异性的典型和非典型 tRNA 切割

应激后，转移 RNA (tRNA) 被裂解生成 tRNA 半体 (tiRNA)。这些 tiRNA 已被证明可以抑制蛋白质翻译。血管生成素被认为是在其反密码子处切割 tRNA 以生成 35-45 个核苷酸长的 tiRNA 一半的主要酶，然而，最近的报告表明存在不依赖于血管生成素的切割。我们之前观察到 tRNA 裂解模式发生在远离反密码子位点的地方。为了探索这种非典型裂解，我们分析了大鼠缺血再灌注模型和两种大鼠细胞系中的 tRNA 裂解模式。体内线粒体 tRNA 很容易出现这种非规范的切割模式。然而，在体外，胞浆和线粒体 tRNA 可能会被非规范地切割。我们的结果表明线粒体应激在血管生成素介导的 tRNA 裂解中发挥重要的调节作用。血管生成素和 RNH1 似乎都不调节非经典 tRNA 切割。最后，我们验证了之前关于 Alkbh1 在调节 tRNA 切割中的作用及其对非规范 tRNA 切割的影响的发现。

更新日期：2020-10-12

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