Abstract The paper presents an analysis of the actual change in brightness of comet 2I/Borisov. The calculations take into account total scattering cross-sections coming from ice, dust particles, and their combinations. It was assumed that dust particles are so-called silicate agglomerates which consist of single monomers. We analyze the actual outburst of the interstellar comet 2I/Borisov in terms of mass loss. This parameter (mass ejected) is one of the main factors determining the amplitude of the comet’s brightness jump. A numerical model was developed and used to analyze the loss of mass ejected during the cometary outburst 2I/Borisov. The calculations presented in this paper are related to the actual outburst of comet 2I/Borisov which was observed in March 2020 with a change in brightness Δ m = -0.7 magnitude. The ratio of the mass of thrown dust to the mass of ejected ice, which determines the observed change in brightness, was also determined. In the case of water ice controlled sublimation, the ratio is between 9.51 and 8.16. However, in the case of the sublimation of carbon monoxide,this parameter takes values from 7.47 to 3.07. The values of these mass ratios are significantly related to the η(t1) parameter.

中文翻译：

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星际彗星2I/Borisov的亮度变化

摘要 本文分析了彗星2I/Borisov 的实际亮度变化。计算考虑了来自冰、尘埃颗粒及其组合的总散射截面。假设灰尘颗粒是由单一单体组成的所谓的硅酸盐附聚物。我们从质量损失的角度分析了星际彗星 2I/Borisov 的实际爆发。这个参数（抛射质量）是决定彗星亮度跳跃幅度的主要因素之一。开发了一个数值模型并用于分析彗星爆发 2I/Borisov 期间喷出的质量损失。本文提出的计算与 2I/Borisov 彗星的实际爆发有关，该彗星在 2020 年 3 月观测到，亮度变化 Δ m = -0.7 星等。还确定了抛出的灰尘质量与喷出的冰质量的比率，这决定了观察到的亮度变化。在水冰控制升华的情况下，比例在9.51和8.16之间。然而，在一氧化碳升华的情况下，该参数取值从 7.47 到 3.07。这些质量比值与 η(t1) 参数显着相关。