Pakistan is one of the most vulnerable countries to climate change. The households in rural Pakistan predominantly rely on the agriculture sector which is why their livelihood is threatened by floods. Considering income diversification as a risk-spreading livelihood strategy, this study examines the determinants of income diversification in the flood-prone district Dadu in Sindh province of Pakistan. The analysis is based on the data from a primary survey of 350 randomly selected households. The list of determinants is taken from the literature and the Ordinary Least Squares method is used for estimation of the regression coefficients. The results show that households with a relatively higher number of earning members and those headed by male or educated members are more likely to have a diversified income portfolio. The moderation analysis shows that households headed by educated male members and educated older members are more likely to diversify than the uneducated ones. Contradicting the findings of the literature, poverty is not a significant determinant of income diversification in Dadu which suggests that lack of economic opportunities and awareness might be more important determinants of diversification than wealth in Dadu and requires further research. The development policy in rural Pakistan should focus on increasing access to economic opportunities, creating awareness about income diversification strategies, and investing in the human capital of the rural population to improve the sustainability of their livelihood.

巴基斯坦是气候变化最脆弱的国家之一。巴基斯坦农村地区的家庭主要依靠农业部门，这就是为什么他们的生计受到洪水的威胁。考虑到收入多样化是一种分散风险的生计策略，本研究调查了巴基斯坦信德省多洪灾区大渡的收入多样化的决定因素。该分析基于对350个随机选择的家庭进行的初步调查得出的数据。行列式的列表取自文献，而普通最小二乘法用于估计回归系数。结果表明，具有较高收入成员的家庭和以男性或受过教育的成员为首的家庭更有可能拥有多元化的收入组合。适度分析显示，以受过教育的男性成员和受过教育的老年成员为首的家庭比未受过教育的家庭更可能实现多元化。与文献结果相反，贫困并不是大都收入多样化的重要决定因素，这表明缺乏经济机会和意识比大都财富更重要的是多样化的决定因素，需要进一步研究。巴基斯坦农村地区的发展政策应着重于增加获得经济机会的机会，提高人们对收入多样化战略的认识以及对农村人口的人力资本进行投资以改善其生计的可持续性。与文献结果相反，贫困并不是大都收入多样化的重要决定因素，这表明缺乏经济机会和意识比大都财富更重要的是多样化的决定因素，需要进一步研究。巴基斯坦农村地区的发展政策应集中于增加获得经济机会的机会，提高人们对收入多样化战略的认识以及对农村人口的人力资本进行投资以改善其生计的可持续性。与文献结果相反，贫困并不是大都收入多样化的重要决定因素，这表明缺乏经济机会和意识比大都财富更重要的是多样化的决定因素，需要进一步研究。巴基斯坦农村地区的发展政策应集中于增加获得经济机会的机会，提高人们对收入多样化战略的认识以及对农村人口的人力资本进行投资以改善其生计的可持续性。