Abstract Adopting the uniform temperature for thermal-electrochemical model is not suitable to simulate the large size battery which has big temperature difference between internal and surface. Furthermore, heavy computational burden of coupling model hinders the control-oriented onboard applications. Therefore, considering the compensation with spatial temperature, a control-oriented thermal-electrochemical model is proposed and validated for commercial large size battery. For both parts of coupled model, the multilayer thermal model and polynomial approximation method are applied to describe the thermal behavior and electrochemical process. And the two-way effects are coupled by the temperature dependent parameters which have vital influence in electrochemical reactions. Furthermore, the effectiveness of control-oriented thermal model and electrochemical model is validated under two typical cycles and constant current loading at wide temperature range (−25 °C–45 °C). Meanwhile, the variation of temperature dependent parameters and accuracy of coupled model are validated under two typical cycles at wide ambient temperature range. The results show that, for commercial large size battery, comparing with famous pseudo-two-dimensional model widely used in offline simulation, the accuracy is improved on average at different temperatures, and computational time falls 98.5% under dynamic loading conditions which satisfies the requirement of online calculation.

中文翻译：

---

面向商业应用的大尺寸方形锂电池的面向控制的热电化学建模和验证

摘要 采用均匀温度的热电化学模型不适用于模拟内部和表面温差较大的大尺寸电池。此外，耦合模型的沉重计算负担阻碍了面向控制的车载应用。因此，考虑空间温度补偿，提出并验证了一种面向控制的热电化学模型，适用于商用大尺寸电池。对于耦合模型的两部分，应用多层热模型和多项式近似方法来描述热行为和电化学过程。并且双向效应通过对电化学反应具有重要影响的温度相关参数耦合。此外，面向控制的热模型和电化学模型的有效性在两个典型循环和宽温度范围（-25°C–45°C）的恒定电流负载下得到验证。同时，在较宽的环境温度范围内，在两个典型循环下验证了温度相关参数的变化和耦合模型的准确性。结果表明，对于商用大尺寸电池，与离线仿真中广泛使用的著名伪二维模型相比，在不同温度下精度平均提高，动态加载条件下计算时间下降98.5%，满足要求在线计算。在较宽的环境温度范围内，在两个典型循环下验证了温度相关参数的变化和耦合模型的准确性。结果表明，对于商用大尺寸电池，与离线仿真中广泛使用的著名伪二维模型相比，在不同温度下精度平均提高，动态加载条件下计算时间下降98.5%，满足要求在线计算。在较宽的环境温度范围内，在两个典型循环下验证了温度相关参数的变化和耦合模型的准确性。结果表明，对于商用大尺寸电池，与离线仿真中广泛使用的著名伪二维模型相比，在不同温度下精度平均提高，动态加载条件下计算时间下降98.5%，满足要求的在线计算。