Abstract This study evaluates the effects of dietary supplementation of 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol (1,25(OH)2D3) glycoside on the performance, tibia mineral concentrations, and inflammatory responses of broilers challenged with lipopolysaccharides (LPS). At 20 days old, 144 male broilers were weighed and distributed in a completely randomized design with three treatments, eight replicates, and six birds per experimental unit. The treatments were a basal diet without LPS administration (CON), a basal diet with LPS administration (CON + LPS), and a basal diet supplemented with 5 µg of 1,25(OH)2D3-glycoside/kg of diet with LPS administration (SUP + LPS). The LPS challenge was administered as intraperitoneal applications at 21 and 23 days of age (1 and 1.12 mg/kg of body weight, respectively). Four hours after the first LPS application, one bird per experimental unit was euthanized to collect blood, spleen, duodenum, and jejunum samples. We evaluated the broilers’ performance at 25 days of age, when all birds were slaughtered to analyze calcium and phosphorus levels in the tibia. We analyzed the data using a one-way ANOVA and compared the means with the Tukey test at 0.05 significance. The CON + LPS birds showed less weight gain (WG) than the CON and SUP + LPS groups (P = 0.019). The treatments had no effect on feed intake, feed conversion, serum levels of bone alkaline phosphatase, calcium, and phosphorus, or calcium and phosphorus in the tibia of birds (P > 0.05). The IL-10 level in the jejunum was higher (P = 0.011) in SUP+LPS birds than in the CON and CON+LPS groups. Among birds challenged with LPS, those supplemented with 1,25(OH)2D3-glycoside showed greater mRNA expression of IL-10 (P = 0.014) and IL-1β (P = 0.045) in the spleen; however, no effect was observed on the expression of these cytokines in the duodenum and jejunum of the birds (P > 0.05). In conclusion, dietary supplementation with 1,25(OH)2D3-glycoside preserves WG and modulates the inflammatory response by increasing the production of IL-10 in the jejunum and the mRNA expression of IL-10 and IL-1β in the spleens of broilers challenged with LPS, although bone mineralization is unaffected.

中文翻译：

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活性维生素 D3-糖苷保持体重增加并调节脂多糖攻击的肉鸡的炎症反应

摘要 本研究评估了日粮中添加 1,25-二羟基胆钙化醇 (1,25(OH)2D3) 糖苷对脂多糖 (LPS) 攻击的肉鸡性能、胫骨矿物质浓度和炎症反应的影响。在 20 日龄时，将 144 只雄性肉鸡称重并以完全随机的设计分布，每个实验单元有 3 个处理、8 个重复和 6 只鸡。治疗是不施用 LPS 的基础饮食 (CON)、施用 LPS 的基础饮食 (CON + LPS) 和补充 5 µg 1,25(OH)2D3-糖苷/kg 饮食并施用 LPS 的基础饮食（SUP + LPS）。LPS 攻击在 21 和 23 日龄时作为腹膜内应用施用（分别为 1 和 1.12 毫克/千克体重）。第一次 LPS 申请后四小时，每个实验单元对一只鸟实施安乐死以收集血液、脾脏、十二指肠和空肠样本。我们评估了肉鸡在 25 日龄时的性能，当时所有的鸡都被屠宰以分析胫骨中的钙和磷水平。我们使用单向方差分析分析了数据，并将平均值与 Tukey 检验进行了比较，显着性为 0.05。CON + LPS 组的体重增加 (WG) 低于 CON 和 SUP + LPS 组 (P = 0.019)。处理对鸡的采食量、饲料转化率、血清骨碱性磷酸酶、钙、磷或胫骨钙、磷水平均无影响（P > 0.05）。SUP+LPS 组的空肠 IL-10 水平高于 CON 和 CON+LPS 组（P = 0.011）。在用 LPS 挑战的鸟类中，那些补充了 1、25(OH)2D3-糖苷在脾脏中显示出更高的 IL-10 (P = 0.014) 和 IL-1β (P = 0.045) mRNA 表达；然而，对这些细胞因子在鸟类十二指肠和空肠中的表达没有影响（P > 0.05）。总之，日粮中添加 1,25(OH)2D3-糖苷可通过增加空肠中 IL-10 的产生以及肉鸡脾脏中 IL-10 和 IL-1β 的 mRNA 表达来保护 WG 并调节炎症反应尽管骨矿化不受影响，但受到 LPS 的挑战。