This study is investigating three-dimensional numerical simulation of a Newtonian droplet impact and break on two square cylinders based on dynamic contact angle of droplet at the spatial interface between two solid–fluid phases. The droplet impact details and morphology studied in the present work could provide ideas for the spray wall impingement modeling in the simulation of many industrial applications, such as spray painting and liquid cooling of surfaces. The droplet impact is investigated on two square cylinders in 9 different modes with different droplet diameters and physical conditions such as different positions of droplet. The volume of fluid (VOF) method was used with open-source software. The results have been compared and validated quantitatively and qualitatively with the experimental results. Results represent droplet diameter into cylinder dimension and velocity profiles are affected on number of broken droplets, break times and droplet deformation. Also, mean velocities of droplet after impact on two square cylinders at first break time were 0, 0.025, 0.12, 0.47, 0.11, 0.08, 0.2, 0.012, 0.19 m/s for cases 1–9, respectively. Moreover, in case 7 that droplet diameter into cylinder dimension was 2, the maximum number of break-up into secondary droplets was 10 drops that occurred for 4 times.

中文翻译：

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考虑动态接触角的液滴冲击3D圆柱体二次液滴特性数值分析

本研究基于液滴在两个固-流相之间的空间界面处的动态接触角，研究牛顿液滴在两个方柱上撞击和破裂的三维数值模拟。在目前的工作中研究的液滴撞击细节和形态可以为模拟许多工业应用（如喷漆和表面液体冷却）中的喷雾壁撞击建模提供思路。以不同的液滴直径和不同的液滴位置等物理条件，以 9 种不同的模式对两个方形圆柱体进行了液滴撞击研究。流体体积 (VOF) 方法与开源软件一起使用。结果已与实验结果进行了定量和定性的比较和验证。结果代表液滴直径到圆柱体尺寸和速度曲线受破碎液滴数量、破碎时间和液滴变形的影响。此外，对于案例 1-9，液滴在第一次撞击时撞击两个方形圆柱后的平均速度分别为 0、0.025、0.12、0.47、0.11、0.08、0.2、0.012、0.19 m/s。此外，在液滴直径为圆柱尺寸为2的情况7中，二次液滴破裂的最大次数为发生4次的10滴。