In this work, Kraft lignin (KL), glyoxalated KL and its blends with polyacrylonitrile (PAN/KL) were electrospun by solution electrospinning in order to investigate the morphology of the mats to be used in carbon material applications. The process parameters to obtain PAN/KL nanofibers with higher amount of KL and without defects were optimized. Three types of KL were used in this work: non-purified (KL), purified (KLp) and glyoxalated (KLg). The effects of the glyoxalation reaction time and the ratio of glyoxal-to-KL were, also, investigated in order to improve the molar mass of the KL. The results show that the molar mass of each glyoxalated KL increases compared to that of the standard KL. The molar mass remained unchanged with increasing the reaction time and ratio of glyoxal-to-KL. All obtained nanofiber mats were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and their morphology showed to be dependent on the ratio of the PAN/KL used. Increasing the KL content decreases the diameter of the nanofibers. The maximum KL content in the PAN/KL blend, required to produce nanofibers without defects and with small fiber diameter, was 50 wt.%, making this material promising for a carbon material precursor. For the case of KLg, nanomats with beads were obtained with 70 and 80 wt.% KLg in the blend. Thermal properties of the nanomats showed a direct relationship to the content of KL used and its molar mass. In addition, these results point to a new approach for the application of KL and PAN/KL nanofibers.

在这项工作中，通过溶液静电纺丝对卡夫木质素（KL），乙二醛化的KL及其与聚丙烯腈的混合物（PAN / KL）进行电纺丝，以研究碳材料应用中要使用的毡的形态。优化了工艺参数，以获得具有较高的KL含量且无缺陷的PAN / KL纳米纤维。这项工作使用了三种类型的KL：未纯化的（KL），纯化的（KLp）和乙二醛化的（KLg）。还研究了乙二醛化反应时间和乙二醛与KL的比例的影响，以提高KL的摩尔质量。结果表明，与标准KL相比，每个乙二醛化KL的摩尔质量增加。随着反应时间和乙二醛与KL的比例增加，摩尔质量保持不变。所有获得的纳米纤维垫均通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM）表征，其形态显示取决于所用PAN / KL的比例。KL含量的增加减小了纳米纤维的直径。生产无缺陷且纤维直径小的纳米纤维所需的PAN / KL共混物中的最大KL含量为50 wt％，使这种材料有望成为碳材料的前体。对于KLg的情况，获得具有珠的纳米垫，其掺合物中具有70和80重量％的KLg。纳米垫的热性能显示与所用KL的含量及其摩尔质量有直接关系。此外，这些结果为KL和PAN / KL纳米纤维的应用提供了一种新方法。KL含量的增加减小了纳米纤维的直径。生产无缺陷且纤维直径小的纳米纤维所需的PAN / KL共混物中的最大KL含量为50 wt％，使这种材料有望成为碳材料的前体。对于KLg的情况，获得具有珠的纳米垫，其掺合物中具有70和80重量％的KLg。纳米垫的热性能显示与所用KL的含量及其摩尔质量有直接关系。此外，这些结果为KL和PAN / KL纳米纤维的应用提供了一种新方法。KL含量的增加减小了纳米纤维的直径。生产无缺陷且纤维直径小的纳米纤维所需的PAN / KL共混物中的最大KL含量为50 wt％，使这种材料有望成为碳材料的前体。对于KLg的情况，获得具有珠的纳米垫，其掺合物中具有70和80重量％的KLg。纳米垫的热性能显示与所用KL的含量及其摩尔质量有直接关系。此外，这些结果为KL和PAN / KL纳米纤维的应用提供了一种新方法。获得具有珠的纳米垫，其掺合物中具有70和80重量％的KLg。纳米垫的热性能显示与所用KL的含量及其摩尔质量有直接关系。此外，这些结果为KL和PAN / KL纳米纤维的应用提供了一种新方法。获得具有珠的纳米垫，其掺合物中具有70和80重量％的KLg。纳米垫的热性能显示与所用KL的含量及其摩尔质量有直接关系。此外，这些结果为KL和PAN / KL纳米纤维的应用提供了一种新方法。