Abstract—Ethanol is one of the most important biotechnological compounds widely used in medicine, pharmacology, food and fuel, cosmetology, and other fields. The main method for ethanol production is alcoholic fermentation using baker’s yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. S. cerevisiae converts glucose into ethanol very efficiently: ethanol yield is more than 90% of the theoretical maximum. However, even a slight increase in ethanol yield in an industrial-scale alcoholic fermentation can produce an additional 100 million t of ethanol each year. In this study, the method of adaptive evolution was used to increase the production of ethanol with industrial S. cerevisiae strains: yeast cells were exposed to long-term cultivation on the medium with high concentrations of glucose and ethanol. Most of the adapted strains obtained were characterized by increased ethanol production during alcoholic fermentation in comparison with the original strains.

摘要—乙醇是最重要的生物技术化合物之一，广泛用于医学，药理学，食品和燃料，美容等领域。生产乙醇的主要方法是使用面包酵母酿酒酵母进行酒精发酵。酿酒酵母非常有效地将葡萄糖转化为乙醇：乙醇收率超过理论最大值的90％。但是，即使在工业规模的酒精发酵中，即使乙醇产量略有增加，每年也可以额外生产1亿吨乙醇。在这项研究中，采用适应性进化的方法来增加工业酿酒酵母的乙醇产量菌株：酵母细胞在含有高浓度葡萄糖和乙醇的培养基上进行长期培养。与原始菌株相比，获得的大多数适应菌株的特征在于酒精发酵过程中乙醇产量增加。