Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer deaths in women worldwide. Many women rely on plants as alternatives to prevent/treat cancer. Anthonotha macrophylla (Ceasalpiniaceae) is one of this ethnomedicinal plant used to cure cancer in Cameroon. This study was therefore undertaken to bring scientific evidence to this claim. The in vitro cytotoxicity of A. macrophylla aqueous extract was evaluated using resazurin reduction assay in five tumors and two non-tumor cell lines. Moreover, the chemopreventive potential of A. macrophylla aqueous extract was evaluated on 7,12 dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) induced breast cancer in rats. The research focused on the incidence, burden, volume and histological analysis of breast tumors. In vitro, A. macrophylla extract exhibited cytotoxic effect in all tested cell lines with a CC₅₀ ~ 279 and 132 μg/mL in human (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231) and rodent breast cancer cells, respectively after 24 h. In vivo, the untreated DMBA-rats presented 100% of tumor incidence, while no tumor was detected in normal rats. Interestingly, a seven-month oral administration of A. macrophylla extract at the doses of 75 and 150 mg/kg BW resulted in a significant decrease of tumor incidence (p < 0.01 and p < 0.05), burden (70.01% and 53.28%) and volume (p < 0.001 and p < 0.01) compared to DMBA rats. The presence of polyphenols in the aqueous extract of Anthonotha macrophylla, as well as its antiradical properties, may account for its antitumor effects. These results therefore support the traditional use of Anthonotha macrophylla against breast cancer.

乳腺癌是全世界女性癌症死亡的主要原因之一。许多妇女依靠植物作为预防/治疗癌症的替代方法。大花（Anthonotha macrophylla）（Ceasalpiniaceae）是一种用于治愈喀麦隆癌症的民族植物。因此，进行这项研究是为了为这一主张提供科学依据。使用刃天青素还原测定法评估了大叶农杆菌水提取物在五个肿瘤和两个非肿瘤细胞系中的体外细胞毒性。此外，大叶农杆菌的化学预防潜力在7,12二甲基苯并[a]蒽（DMBA）诱导的大鼠乳腺癌中评估了水提取物。该研究集中于乳腺肿瘤的发生率，负担，体积和组织学分析。在体外，A.艽提取物表现出在所有测试的细胞系中的细胞毒性作用有CC ₅₀  24小时后在人类〜279和132微克/毫升（MCF-7和MDA-MB-231）和啮齿动物乳腺癌细胞，分别。在体内，未经治疗的DMBA大鼠表现出100％的肿瘤发生率，而在正常大鼠中未检测到肿瘤。有趣的是，以75和150 mg / kg体重体重七个月口服大叶提取物导致肿瘤发生率显着降低（p  <0.01和p 与DMBA大鼠相比， <0.05），负担（70.01％和53.28％）和体积（p <0.001和p <0.01）。大花Anthonotha的水性提取物中多酚的存在及其抗自由基特性可能是其抗肿瘤作用的原因。因此，这些结果支持了大花Anthonotha对抗乳腺癌的传统用途。