Abstract

Mercury (Hg) is a highly toxic metal with no known biological function, and it can be highly bioavailable in terrestrial ecosystems. Although fungi are important contributors to a number of soil processes including plant nutrient uptake and decomposition, little is known about the effect of Hg on fungi. Fungi accumulate the largest amount of Hg and are the organisms capable of the highest bioaccumulation of Hg. While referring to detailed mechanisms in bacteria, this mini-review emphasizes the progress made recently on this topic and represents the first step towards a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying Hg tolerance and accumulation in fungal species and hence on the role of fungi within the Hg cycle at Hg-contaminated sites.

Key points

• The fungal communities are more resilient than bacterial communities to Hg exposure.

• The exposure to Hg is a threat to microbial soil functions involved in both C and nutrient cycles.

• Fungal (hyper)accumulation of Hg may be important for the Hg cycle in terrestrial environments.

• Understanding Hg tolerance and accumulation by fungi may lead to new remediation biotechnologies.

中文翻译：

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汞与土壤微生物之间的相互作用：微生物多样性和机制，重点是真菌过程

摘要

汞（Hg）是一种剧毒金属，没有已知的生物学功能，在陆地生态系统中生物利用度很高。尽管真菌是许多土壤过程（包括植物养分吸收和分解）的重要贡献者，但对于汞对真菌的影响知之甚少。真菌会累积最多的Hg，并且是能够实现最高Hg生物累积的生物。在提及细菌的详细机制时，本微型回顾着重强调了最近在该主题上取得的进展，并代表了迈向更好地理解真菌对汞的耐受性和积累机制的第一步，并因此进一步了解了真菌在汞中的作用在汞污染的地方循环。

关键点

•真菌群落对细菌接触的抵抗力比细菌群落强。

•汞暴露威胁到碳和养分循环中涉及的微生物土壤功能。

•汞的真菌（过度）积累对于陆地环境中的汞循环可能很重要。

•了解汞的耐受性和真菌积累可能会导致新的修复生物技术。