Ethnobotanical and ethnopharmacological studies of many Centaurea species indicated their potential in folk medicine so far. However, investigations of different Centaurea calcitrapa L. extracts in terms of cytotoxicity and antimicrobial activity against phytopathogens are generally scarce. The phenolic profile and broad antimicrobial activity (especially towards bacterial phytopathogens) of methanol (MeOH), 70% ethanol (EtOH), ethyl-acetate (EtOAc), 50% acetone (Me₂CO) and dichloromethane: methanol (DCM: MeOH, 1: 1) extracts of C. calcitrapa leaves and their potential toxicity on MRC-5 cell line were investigated for the first time. A total of 55 phenolic compounds were identified: 30 phenolic acids and their derivatives, 25 flavonoid glycosides and aglycones. This is also the first report of the presence of centaureidin, jaceidin, kaempferide, nepetin, flavonoid glycosides, phenolic acids and their esters in C. calcitrapa extracts. The best results were obtained with EtOAc extract with lowest MIC values expressed in µg/mL ranging from 13 to 25, while methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus was the most susceptible strain. The most susceptible phytopathogens were Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae, Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris and Agrobacterium tumefaciens. The highest cytotoxicity was recorded for EtOAc and Me₂CO extracts with the lowest relative and absolute IC₅₀ values between 88 and 102 µg/mL, while EtOH extract was the least toxic with predicted relative IC₅₀ value of 1578 µg/mL. Our results indicate that all tested extracts at concentration considered as non-toxic can be one of great importance in combat towards phytopathogenic and human pathogenic strains, as well as natural sources of antimicrobials.

许多矢车菊物种的民族植物学和民族药理学研究表明，到目前为止，它们在民间医学中具有潜力。然而，就细胞毒性和针对植物病原体的抗菌活性而言，对不同的矢车菊提取物的研究普遍缺乏。甲醇（MeOH），70％乙醇（EtOH），乙酸乙酯（EtOAc），50％丙酮（Me ₂ CO）和二氯甲烷：甲醇（DCM：MeOH， 1：1）C. calcitrapa的提取物首次研究了叶片及其对MRC-5细胞系的潜在毒性。总共鉴定出55种酚类化合物：30种酚酸及其衍生物，25种类黄酮苷和糖苷配基。这也是关于C. calcitrapa提取物中存在着金脲缩丁苷，jaaceidin，kaempferide，nepetin，类黄酮糖苷，酚酸及其酯的报道。用最低MIC值（以μg/ mL表示）的EtOAc提取物获得的最佳结果为13至25，而耐甲氧西林的金黄色葡萄球菌是最易感的菌株。最易感的植物病原体是丁香假单胞菌。丁香，黄单胞菌光伏。喜树和根癌农杆菌。记录到的EtOAc和Me ₂ CO提取物具有最高的细胞毒性，相对和绝对IC ₅₀值最低，介于88和102 µg / mL之间，而EtOH提取物的毒性最低，预测的相对IC ₅₀值为1578 µg / mL。我们的结果表明，所有被测试的提取物都被认为是无毒的，对于对抗植物病原体和人类病原体以及天然来源的抗菌剂而言，可能是极为重要的一项。