The reduction in Arctic sea ice in summer has been reported to have a significant impact on the global climate. In this study, Arctic sea ice/snow at the end of the melting season in 2018 was investigated during CHINARE-2018, in terms of its temperature, salinity, density and textural structure, the snow density, water content and albedo, as well as morphology and albedo of the refreezing melt pond. The interior melting of sea ice caused a strong stratification of temperature, salinity and density. The temperature of sea ice ranged from −0.8°C to 0°C, and exhibited linear cooling with depth. The average salinity and density of sea ice were approximately 1.3 psu and 825 kg/m³, respectively, and increased slightly with depth. The first-year sea ice was dominated by columnar grained ice. Snow cover over all the investigated floes was in the melt phase, and the average water content and density were 0.74% and 241 kg/m³, respectively. The thickness of the thin ice lid ranged from 2.2 cm to 7.0 cm, and the depth of the pond ranged from 1.8 cm to 26.8 cm. The integrated albedo of the refreezing melt pond was in the range of 0.28–0.57. Because of the thin ice lid, the albedo of the melt pond improved to twice as high as that of the mature melt pond. These results provide a reference for the current state of Arctic sea ice and the mechanism of its reduction.

据报道，夏季北极海冰的减少对全球气候产生了重大影响。在这项研究中，在CHINARE-2018期间对2018年融化季节结束时的北极海冰/雪进行了研究，包括其温度，盐度，密度和质地结构，雪密度，水含量和反照率以及冻融池的形态和反照率。海冰的内部融化导致温度，盐度和密度的强烈分层。海冰的温度范围从-0.8°C到0°C，并且随深度呈现线性冷却。海冰的平均盐度和密度约为1.3 psu和825 kg / m ³，并随着深度的增加而略有增加。第一年的海冰以柱状颗粒冰为主。所有被调查絮凝物的积雪处于熔融相，平均含水量和密度分别为0.74％和241 kg / m ³。薄冰盖的厚度在2.2厘米至7.0厘米之间，池塘的深度在1.8厘米至26.8厘米之间。再冻融池的综合反照率在0.28-0.57之间。由于薄的冰盖，融化池的反照率提高到成熟融化池的反照率的两倍。这些结果为北极海冰的现状及其减少的机理提供了参考。