Extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase (ESBL)- or AmpC beta-lactamase (ACBL)-producing Escherichia coli bacteria are the most common cause of community-acquired multidrug-resistant urinary tract infections (UTIs) in New Zealand. The carriage of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria has been found in both people and pets from the same household; thus, the home environment may be a place where antimicrobial-resistant bacteria are shared between humans and pets. In this study, we sought to determine whether members (pets and people) of the households of human index cases with a UTI caused by an ESBL- or ACBL-producing E. coli strain also carried an ESBL- or ACBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae strain and, if so, whether it was a clonal match to the index case clinical strain. Index cases with a community-acquired UTI were recruited based on antimicrobial susceptibility testing of urine isolates. Fecal samples were collected from 18 non-index case people and 36 pets across 27 households. Eleven of the 27 households screened had non-index case household members (8/18 people and 5/36 animals) positive for ESBL- and/or ACBL-producing E. coli strains. Whole-genome sequence analysis of 125 E. coli isolates (including the clinical urine isolates) from these 11 households showed that within seven households, the same strain of ESBL-/ACBL-producing E. coli was cultured from both the index case and another person (5/11 households) or pet dog (2/11 households). These results suggest that transmission within the household may contribute to the community spread of ESBL- or ACBL-producing E. coli.

中文翻译：

---

同一家庭中携带来自人类和宠物的超广谱 β-内酰胺酶和 AmpC β-内酰胺酶生产大肠杆菌菌株


产生超广谱 β-内酰胺酶 (ESBL) 或 AmpC β-内酰胺酶 (ACBL)的大肠杆菌是新西兰社区获得性多重耐药尿路感染 (UTI) 的最常见原因。在同一家庭的人和宠物中都发现了耐药细菌的携带；因此，家庭环境可能是人类和宠物共有耐药细菌的地方。在这项研究中，我们试图确定由产生 ESBL 或 ACBL 的大肠杆菌菌株引起的人类指标病例的家庭成员（宠物和人）是否也携带产生 ESBL 或 ACBL 的肠杆菌科菌株，以及，如果是，是否与指示病例临床毒株克隆匹配。根据尿液分离物的抗菌药物敏感性测试招募具有社区获得性尿路感染的指示病例。粪便样本采集自 27 个家庭的 18 名非指示病例和 36 只宠物。在接受筛查的 27 个家庭中，有 11 个非指示病例家庭成员（8/18 人和 5/36 动物）的产 ESBL 和/或 ACBL大肠杆菌菌株呈阳性。对这11户家庭的125株大肠杆菌（包括临床尿液分离株）进行全基因组序列分析显示，7户家庭中，指示病例和另一户家庭中均培养出同一株产ESBL/ACBL大肠杆菌。人（5/11 户）或宠物狗（2/11 户）。这些结果表明，家庭内的传播可能有助于产 ESBL 或 ACBL 的大肠杆菌的社区传播。