This study aimed to determine whether high‐fat diet (HFD) could cause growth, behavioural, biochemical and morphological changes in young female rabbits. Thirty‐six female rabbits were randomly divided into two groups fed with either a high‐fat diet (HFD) or a standard normal diet (SND) for 5 weeks. Growth and behavioural changes were recorded during the 5‐week feeding period. Tissue samples, including blood and adipose tissue, were obtained after slaughter. HFD rabbits weighed more by the end of the feeding period, had a higher percent body weight and adipose tissue weight change and had longer body and bust lengths than SND rabbits. HFD rabbits significantly reduced their feed intake and feeding frequency during the fourth and fifth weeks. HFD rabbits also showed lower frequency of drinking and resting and increased stereotypical behaviour. Besides, HFD rabbits showed significant physiological abnormalities. HFD rabbits had higher serum cholesterol (TC) and triglycerides (TG) levels than SND rabbits at the end of the feeding period, and higher free fatty acid (FFA) levels than rabbits in the SND group after the third week of feeding. Serum thyroxine (T4) increased significantly in week 2 and week 5 and triiodothyronine (T3) increased significantly in week four. However, there was no significant change in serum glucose (GLU) and insulin (INS) levels. Additionally, HFD reduced the area and diameter of perirenal and subcutaneous fat cells and increased their density. Our findings suggest that HFD rabbits had higher weight gains, accumulation of fat, and more behavioural changes than SND rabbits. Although high levels of fat in the diet had a low impact on hyperglycaemia, it could lead to hyperlipidemia and hyperthyroidism. Our results also suggest that sustained HFD may cause the proliferation of adipocytes in young female rabbits.

中文翻译：

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饲喂高脂饮食的雌性兔的生长、行为、血清生化和形态学变化

本研究旨在确定高脂肪饮食 (HFD) 是否会导致年轻雌性兔的生长、行为、生化和形态变化。将 36 只雌性兔随机分为两组，分别喂食高脂饮食 (HFD) 或标准正常饮食 (SND) 5 周。在 5 周的喂养期间记录了生长和行为的变化。屠宰后获得组织样本，包括血液和脂肪组织。与 SND 兔相比，HFD 兔在喂食期结束时体重增加，体重和脂肪组织重量变化百分比更高，体长和胸围更长。在第四周和第五周，HFD 兔显着减少了它们的采食量和喂食频率。HFD 兔也表现出较低的饮酒和休息频率，以及增加的刻板行为。此外，HFD兔表现出明显的生理异常。在喂养期结束时，HFD 兔的血清胆固醇 (TC) 和甘油三酯 (TG) 水平高于 SND 兔，并且在喂养第三周后，游离脂肪酸 (FFA) 水平高于 SND 组兔。血清甲状腺素 (T4) 在第 2 周和第 5 周显着增加，而三碘甲腺原氨酸 (T3) 在第 4 周显着增加。然而，血清葡萄糖（GLU）和胰岛素（INS）水平没有显着变化。此外，HFD 减少了肾周和皮下脂肪细胞的面积和直径，并增加了它们的密度。我们的研究结果表明，HFD 兔比 SND 兔有更高的体重增加、脂肪积累和更多的行为变化。虽然饮食中高脂肪含量对高血糖的影响很小，它可能导致高脂血症和甲亢。我们的结果还表明，持续的 HFD 可能会导致年轻雌性兔脂肪细胞的增殖。