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The role of herpesvirus 6A and 6B in multiple sclerosis and epilepsy
Scandinavian Journal of Immunology ( IF 4.1 ) Pub Date : 2020-10-09 , DOI: 10.1111/sji.12984
Nicky Dunn 1, 2 , Nastya Kharlamova 1, 2 , Anna Fogdell‐Hahn 1, 2
Affiliation  

Human herpesvirus 6A (HHV‐6A) and 6B (HHV‐6B) are two closely related viruses that can infect cells of the central nervous system (CNS). The similarities between these viruses have made it difficult to separate them on serological level. The broad term HHV‐6 remains when referring to studies where the two species were not distinguished, and as such, the seroprevalence is over 90% in the adult population. HHV‐6B has been detected in up to 100% of infants with the primary infection roseola infantum, but less is known about the primary infection of HHV‐6A. Both viruses are neurotropic and have capacity to establish lifelong latency in cells of the central nervous system, with potential to reactivate and cause complications later in life. HHV‐6A infection has been associated with an increased risk of multiple sclerosis (MS), whereas HHV‐6B is indicated to be involved in pathogenesis of epilepsy. These two associations show how neurological diseases might be caused by viral infections, but as suggested here, through completely different molecular mechanisms, in an autoimmune disease, such as MS, by triggering an overreaction of the immune system and in epilepsy by hampering internal cellular functions when the immune system fails to eliminate the virus. Understanding the viral mechanisms of primary infection and reactivation and their spectrum of associated symptoms will aid our ability to diagnose, treat and prevent these severe and chronic diseases. This review explores the role of HHV‐6A and HHV‐6B specifically in MS and epilepsy, the evidence to date and the future directions of this field.

中文翻译:

疱疹病毒6A和6B在多发性硬化和癫痫中的作用

人疱疹病毒6A(HHV-6A)和6B(HHV-6B)是两种密切相关的病毒,可以感染中枢神经系统(CNS)细胞。这些病毒之间的相似性使得很难在血清学水平上分离它们。当提到不区分这两个物种的研究时,仍然使用广义的HHV-6术语,因此成年人中的血清阳性率超过90%。高达100%的原发性感染玫瑰色婴儿的婴儿中已检测出HHV-6B,但对HHV-6A的原发感染了解较少。两种病毒都是嗜神经性的,并具有在中枢神经系统细胞中建立终生潜伏期的能力,并有可能在以后的生活中重新激活并引起并发症。HHV-6A感染与多发性硬化症(MS)的风险增加有关,而HHV-6B被认为与癫痫的发病机理有关。这两个关联表明,神经系统疾病可能是由病毒感染引起的,但如本文所述,是通过完全不同的分子机制,在自身免疫性疾病(例如MS)中,通过触发免疫系统的过度反应以及在癫痫症中阻碍内部细胞功能而引起的。当免疫系统无法消除病毒时。了解原发感染和再激活的病毒机制及其相关症状的范围将有助于我们诊断,治疗和预防这些严重和慢性疾病的能力。这篇综述探讨了HHV-6A和HHV-6B在MS和癫痫中的作用,迄今为止的证据以及该领域的未来方向。这两个关联表明,神经系统疾病可能是由病毒感染引起的,但如本文所述,是通过完全不同的分子机制,在自身免疫性疾病(例如MS)中,通过触发免疫系统的过度反应以及在癫痫症中阻碍内部细胞功能而引起的。当免疫系统无法消除病毒时。了解原发感染和再激活的病毒机制及其相关症状的范围将有助于我们诊断,治疗和预防这些严重和慢性疾病的能力。这篇综述探讨了HHV-6A和HHV-6B在MS和癫痫中的作用,迄今为止的证据以及该领域的未来方向。这两个关联表明,神经系统疾病可能是由病毒感染引起的,但如本文所述,是通过完全不同的分子机制,在自身免疫性疾病(例如MS)中,通过触发免疫系统的过度反应以及在癫痫症中阻碍内部细胞功能而引起的。当免疫系统无法消除病毒时。了解原发感染和再激活的病毒机制及其相关症状的范围将有助于我们诊断,治疗和预防这些严重和慢性疾病的能力。这篇综述探讨了HHV-6A和HHV-6B在MS和癫痫中的作用,迄今为止的证据以及该领域的未来方向。在自身免疫性疾病(例如MS)中,通过触发免疫系统的过度反应而引起癫痫;在癫痫病中,当免疫系统无法消除病毒时,通过阻碍细胞的内部功能发挥作用。了解原发感染和再激活的病毒机制及其相关症状的范围将有助于我们诊断,治疗和预防这些严重和慢性疾病的能力。这篇综述探讨了HHV-6A和HHV-6B在MS和癫痫中的作用,迄今为止的证据以及该领域的未来方向。在自身免疫性疾病(例如MS)中,通过触发免疫系统的过度反应而引起癫痫;在癫痫病中,当免疫系统无法消除病毒时,通过阻碍细胞的内部功能发挥作用。了解原发感染和再激活的病毒机制及其相关症状的范围将有助于我们诊断,治疗和预防这些严重和慢性疾病的能力。这篇综述探讨了HHV-6A和HHV-6B在MS和癫痫中的作用,迄今为止的证据以及该领域的未来方向。了解原发感染和再激活的病毒机制及其相关症状的范围将有助于我们诊断,治疗和预防这些严重和慢性疾病的能力。这篇综述探讨了HHV-6A和HHV-6B在MS和癫痫中的作用,迄今为止的证据以及该领域的未来方向。了解原发感染和再激活的病毒机制及其相关症状的范围将有助于我们诊断,治疗和预防这些严重和慢性疾病的能力。这篇综述探讨了HHV-6A和HHV-6B在MS和癫痫中的作用,迄今为止的证据以及该领域的未来方向。
更新日期:2020-11-27
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