Despite growing recognition of the conservation value of grassy biomes, our understanding of how to restore biodiverse tropical and subtropical grassy biomes (grasslands and savannas; TGB) remains limited. Several tools have recently been identified for TGB restoration, including prescribed fires, appropriate management of livestock and wild herbivores, tree cutting and shrub removal, invasive species control, and the reintroduction of native grasses and forbs via seeding or transplants. However, additional research for improved TGB restoration is needed. This article aims to identify ecological research priorities for TGB restoration. The following points are crucial to scale up TGB restoration and meet the challenges of the UN Restoration Decade. Research should focus on: disentangling the reasons why TGB are often undervalued and misunderstood; mapping TGB restoration opportunities; identifying regions where TGB and other biomes naturally exist as alternative stable states; recognizing areas with natural regeneration potential to avoid unnecessary intervention; restoring soil conditions; disentangling factors driving low seed quality, determining germination requirements and developing vegetative propagation techniques for TGB species; disentangling the limiting factors and key ecological processes underlying seedling establishment and community assembly; improving and validating long‐term management to mimic natural disturbance regimes; setting the minimum attributes of desirable TGB in terms of structure, composition, functioning, and resilience; and improving monitoring of restoration outcomes. Such research has the potential to advance theory, policy, and practice in TGB restoration, ultimately resulting in long‐term benefits for people and nature in some of the more neglected ecosystems of our planet.

中文翻译：

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恢复热带和亚热带草原和热带稀树草原的研究议程

尽管人们日益认识到草丛生物群落的保护价值，但我们对如何恢复生物多样性的热带和亚热带草丛生物（草原和热带稀树草原； TGB）的理解仍然有限。最近已经确定了几种用于TGB恢复的工具，包括开明的大火，对牲畜和野生食草动物的适当管理，砍伐树木和清除灌木，控制侵入性物种以及通过播种或移植重新引入天然草皮和草皮。但是，需要进行更多的研究来改善TGB的恢复。本文旨在确定TGB修复的生态研究重点。以下几点对于扩大TGB的恢复和应对联合国恢复十年的挑战至关重要。研究应集中在：弄清为什么TGB经常被低估和被误解的原因；绘制TGB恢复机会；确定TGB和其他生物群落自然存在的区域作为替代稳定状态；识别具有自然再生潜力的区域，以避免不必要的干预；恢复土壤条件；驱使种子质量低劣，确定发芽要求并开发TGB物种营养繁殖技术的因素；消除苗木建立和群落聚集的制约因素和关键的生态过程；改善和验证模仿自然干扰制度的长期管理；在结构，组成，功能和弹性方面设置理想的TGB的最低属性；并改善对恢复结果的监测。这样的研究有可能推动TGB修复方面的理论，政策和实践的发展，