Increased outdoor concentrations of fine particulate matter (PM_2.5) and oxides of nitrogen (NO₂, NO_x) are associated with respiratory and cardiovascular morbidity in adults and children. However, people spend most of their time indoors and this is particularly true for individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Both outdoor and indoor air pollution may accelerate lung function loss in individuals with COPD, but it is not feasible to measure indoor pollutant concentrations in all participants in large cohort studies. We aimed to understand indoor exposures in a cohort of adults (SPIROMICS Air, the SubPopulations and Intermediate Outcome Measures in COPD Study of Air pollution). We developed models for the entire cohort based on monitoring in a subset of homes, to predict mean 2‐week–measured concentrations of PM_2.5, NO₂, NO_x, and nicotine, using home and behavioral questionnaire responses available in the full cohort. Models incorporating socioeconomic, meteorological, behavioral, and residential information together explained about 60% of the variation in indoor concentration of each pollutant. Cross‐validated R² for best indoor prediction models ranged from 0.43 (NO_x) to 0.51 (NO₂). Models based on questionnaire responses and estimated outdoor concentrations successfully explained most variation in indoor PM_2.5, NO₂, NO_x, and nicotine concentrations.

中文翻译：

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在 COPD (SPIROMICS) 空气研究的亚人群和中间结果测量中模拟住宅室内 PM2.5、NO2、NOx 和二手烟浓度

室外细颗粒物 (PM _2.5 ) 和氮氧化物 (NO ₂ , NO _{x ) 浓度增加}) 与成人和儿童的呼吸系统和心血管疾病的发病率有关。然而，人们大部分时间都在室内度过，对于患有慢性阻塞性肺病 (COPD) 的人来说尤其如此。室外和室内空气污染都可能加速 COPD 患者的肺功能丧失，但在大型队列研究中测量所有参与者的室内污染物浓度是不可行的。我们旨在了解一组成年人的室内暴露情况（SPIROMICS 空气、COPD 空气污染研究中的亚人群和中间结果测量）。我们基于对部分家庭的监测为整个队列开发了模型，以预测 PM _2.5、NO ₂、NO _{x的平均 2 周测量浓度}和尼古丁，使用完整队列中可用的家庭和行为问卷调查。结合社会经济、气象、行为和居住信息的模型共同解释了每种污染物室内浓度变化的 60%。最佳室内预测模型的交叉验证R ^{2范围从 0.43 (NO} _x ) 到 0.51 (NO ₂ )。基于问卷响应和估计的室外浓度的模型成功地解释了室内 PM _2.5、NO ₂、NO _x和尼古丁浓度的大部分变化。