Electron tomography has achieved higher resolution and quality at reduced doses with recent advances in compressed sensing. Compressed sensing (CS) exploits the inherent sparse signal structure to efficiently reconstruct three-dimensional (3D) volumes at the nanoscale from undersampled measurements. However, the process bottlenecks 3D reconstruction with computation times that run from hours to days. Here we demonstrate a framework for dynamic compressed sensing that produces a 3D specimen structure that updates in real-time as new specimen projections are collected. Researchers can begin interpreting 3D specimens as data is collected to facilitate high-throughput and interactive analysis. Using scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), we show that dynamic compressed sensing accelerates the convergence speed by ~3-fold while also reducing its error by 27% for a Au/SrTiO3 nanoparticle specimen. Before a tomography experiment is completed, the 3D tomogram has interpretable structure within ~33% of completion and fine details are visible as early as ~66%. Upon completion of an experiment, a high-fidelity 3D visualization is produced without further delay. Additionally, reconstruction parameters that tune data fidelity can be manipulated throughout the computation without re-running the entire process.

中文翻译：

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用于实时断层扫描重建的动态压缩传感

随着压缩传感的最新进展，电子断层扫描在减少剂量的情况下实现了更高的分辨率和质量。压缩感知 (CS) 利用固有的稀疏信号结构从欠采样测量中有效地重建纳米级的三维 (3D) 体积。但是，该过程会因计算时间从几小时到几天不等而阻碍 3D 重建。在这里，我们展示了一个动态压缩传感框架，该框架产生了一个 3D 样本结构，该结构随着新样本投影的收集而实时更新。研究人员可以在收集数据时开始解释 3D 标本，以促进高通量和交互式分析。使用扫描透射电子显微镜 (STEM)，我们表明，对于 Au/SrTiO3 纳米颗粒样品，动态压缩传感将收敛速度提高了约 3 倍，同时还将其误差降低了 27%。在断层扫描实验完成之前，3D 断层图像在完成后约 33% 内具有可解释的结构，并且最早在约 66% 时可以看到精细细节。实验完成后，可立即生成高保真 3D 可视化效果。此外，可以在整个计算过程中操纵调整数据保真度的重建参数，而无需重新运行整个过程。无需进一步延迟即可生成高保真 3D 可视化。此外，可以在整个计算过程中操纵调整数据保真度的重建参数，而无需重新运行整个过程。无需进一步延迟即可生成高保真 3D 可视化。此外，可以在整个计算过程中操纵调整数据保真度的重建参数，而无需重新运行整个过程。