Electromembrane extraction (EME) of the polar zwitterionic drugs, anthracyclines (ANT, doxorubicin, daunorubicin and its metabolite daunorubicinol), from rabbit plasma was investigated. The optimized EME was compared to conventional sample pretreatment techniques such as protein precipitation (PP) and liquid-liquid extraction (LLE), mainly in terms of extraction reliability, recovery and matrix effect. In addition, phospholipids profile in the individual extracts was evaluated. The extracted samples were analyzed using UHPLC-MS/MS with electrospray ionization in positive ion mode. The method was validated within the concentration range of 0.25–1000 ng/mL for all tested ANT. Compared with PP and LLE, the EME provided high extraction recovery (more than 80% for all ANT) and excellent sample clean-up (matrix effect were 100 ± 10% with RSD values lower than 4% for all ANT). Furthermore, only negligible amounts of phospholipids were detected in the EME samples. Finally, practical applicability of EME was proved by analysis of plasma samples taken from a pilot in vivo study in rabbits. Consistent results were obtained when using both EME and LLE to extract the plasma prior to the analysis, which further confirmed high reliability of EME. This study clearly showed that EME is a simple, rapid, repeatable technique for extraction of ANT from plasma and it is an up to date alternative to routine conventional extraction techniques.

研究了从兔血浆中极性两性离子药物蒽环类药物（ANT，阿霉素，柔红霉素及其代谢物柔红霉素）的电膜提取（EME）。优化后的EME与常规样品预处理技术（例如蛋白质沉淀（PP）和液-液萃取（LLE））进行了比较，主要是在萃取可靠性，回收率和基质效应方面。另外，评估了各个提取物中的磷脂谱。使用UHPLC-MS / MS在正离子模式下使用电喷雾电离对提取的样品进行分析。对于所有测试的ANT，该方法均在0.25–1000 ng / mL的浓度范围内得到验证。与PP和LLE相比，EME具有很高的提取回收率（所有ANT超过80％）和出色的样品净化（基质效应为100±10％，RSD值低于所有ANT的4％）。此外，在EME样品中仅检测到微不足道的磷脂。最后，通过对从试点获得的血浆样品进行分析，证明了EME的实际适用性兔体内研究。在分析之前同时使用EME和LLE提取血浆时，可以获得一致的结果，这进一步证实了EME的高度可靠性。这项研究清楚地表明，EME是一种从血浆中提取ANT的简单，快速，可重复的技术，它是常规常规提取技术的最新替代方案。