Aureobasidium pullulans is a yeast-like fungus that produces volatile organic compounds (VOCs) with antifungal properties. VOCs have the potential to trigger the production of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), lipid peroxidation and electrolyte loss in microorganisms. The relationship among A. pullulans VOCs, induced ROS accumulation and electrolyte leakage was investigated in Botrytis cinerea and Alternaria alternata in vitro. Exposure to a mixture of A. pullulans VOCs: ethanol, 2-methyl-1-propanol, 3-methyl-1-butanol and 2-phenylethanol, resulted in electrolyte leakage in both B. cinerea and A. alternata. Fluorescence microscopy using 2′,7′-dichlorofluorescein diacetate indicated triggered ROS accumulation in exposed fungal mycelia and the presence of the superoxide radical was evident by intense red fluorescence with dihydroethidium. Partial inhibition of enzymes of the mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I of B. cinerea and A. alternata by pre-treatment with rotenone reduced ROS accumulation in hypha exposed to A. pullulans VOCs and reversed the VOCs inhibition of fungal growth. Scanning electron micrographs revealed that B. cinerea and A. alternata hypha exposed to A. pullulans VOCs had altered cell wall structures. Our findings give insights into the potential mechanisms involved in the antifungal properties of A. pullulans in the suppression of B. cinerea and A. alternata growth in vitro.

Aureobasidium pullulans是一种酵母样真菌，可产生具有抗真菌特性的挥发性有机化合物 (VOC)。VOCs 有可能引发细胞内活性氧 (ROS) 的产生、脂质过氧化和微生物中的电解质损失。在灰葡萄孢和链格孢中体外研究了A. pullulans VOCs、诱导的 ROS 积累和电解质泄漏之间的关系。暴露于A. pullulans VOC的混合物：乙醇、2-甲基-1-丙醇、3-甲基-1-丁醇和 2-苯基乙醇，导致B. cinerea和A. alternata中的电解质泄漏. 使用 2',7'-二氯荧光素二乙酸酯的荧光显微镜显示在暴露的真菌菌丝体中触发了 ROS 积累，并且通过二氢乙锭的强烈红色荧光可以明显看出超氧自由基的存在。通过用鱼藤酮预处理部分抑制B. cinerea和A. alternata线粒体呼吸链复合物 I 的酶，减少了暴露于A. pullulans VOC 的菌丝中 ROS 的积累，并逆转了 VOC 对真菌生长的抑制。扫描电子显微照片显示B. cinerea和A. alternata菌丝暴露于A. pullulansVOC 改变了细胞壁结构。我们的研究结果深入了解了A. pullulans在体外抑制B. cinerea和A. alternata生长的抗真菌特性的潜在机制。