Despite promising health effects of pomegranate seed oil (PSO) and bitter melon extract (BM) used for centuries as food and traditional medicine, neither mechanism of action nor safety has been fully recognized. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of diet supplementation with PSO and BM on fatty acid, conjugated fatty acid and cholesterol content in rat’ livers, since liver is crucial for lipid metabolism. Oxidation indicators (malondialdehyde, oxysterols and tocopherols) were also determined.

Lipid profiles did not reveal the presence of punicic acid, while other conjugated dienes and trienes, including rumenic acid, were determined. Both supplementation and exposition to carcinogen significantly increased cholesterol and reduced selected oxysterols levels, simultaneously increasing malondialdehyde content in animals suffering from cancer. Impact of PSO and BM on oxidative status varied depending on carcinogen exposure and coexisting neoplastic process, which is important, due to the growing interest in their use in prevention and therapy of various diseases, including cancer.

尽管石榴籽油 (PSO) 和苦瓜提取物 (BM) 几个世纪以来一直被用作食品和传统药物，但其作用机制和安全性尚未得到充分认识。本研究旨在评估饮食中添加 PSO 和 BM 对大鼠肝脏脂肪酸、共轭脂肪酸和胆固醇含量的影响，因为肝脏对于脂质代谢至关重要。还测定了氧化指标（丙二醛、氧甾醇和生育酚）。

脂质谱未显示石榴酸的存在，而测定了其他共轭二烯和三烯，包括瘤胃酸。补充和暴露于致癌物质都会显着增加胆固醇并降低选定的氧甾醇水平，同时增加患有癌症的动物的丙二醛含量。 PSO 和 BM 对氧化状态的影响因致癌物暴露和共存的肿瘤过程而异，这一点很重要，因为人们对它们在预防和治疗包括癌症在内的各种疾病中的应用越来越感兴趣。