IoT environments are continuously changing. Changes may come from the service, connectivity, or physical layers of the IoT architecture. Therefore, to function appropriately, the system needs to dynamically adapt to its environment. In previous work, we posited eight challenges to foster adaptation through all architecture layers of IoT systems. In this paper, we address the challenges to manage the inclusion of new devices and devices’ transient connection, by means of dynamic adaptations incorporated into our proposed software architecture for adaptive IoT systems. To manage dynamic adaptations, we extend the reference IoT architecture with our specialized components. In particular, we use (1) ontologies and instances to represent the domain knowledge; (2) a matching algorithm to pair services and IoT devices, taking into account their functional requirements, quality attributes and sensors properties; and (3) a match update algorithm used whenever sensors become (un)available. We evaluate the effectiveness of our solution with respect to the accuracy of matching services and IoT devices, and the response to environment changes.

物联网环境在不断变化。更改可能来自物联网架构的服务，连接性或物理层。因此，要正常运行，系统需要动态适应其环境。在先前的工作中，我们提出了八个挑战，以促进物联网系统所有架构层的适应。在本文中，我们解决了管理新设备和设备瞬态连接的挑战，通过将动态调整纳入我们为自适应物联网系统建议的软件架构中而实现。为了管理动态适应，我们通过专用组件扩展了参考物联网架构。特别地，我们使用（1）本体和实例来表示领域知识；（2）结合服务和IoT设备的功能要求，质量属性和传感器属性的匹配算法；（3）每当传感器变得不可用时使用的匹配更新算法。我们在匹配服务和IoT设备的准确性以及对环境变化的响应方面评估我们解决方案的有效性。