The TaQ alleles as one of the AP2-like transcription factors in common wheat (Triticum aestivum) play an important role in the evolution of spike characteristics from wild and domesticated emmer to modern wheat cultivars. Its loss-of-function mutant not only changed threshability and spike architecture but also affected plant height, flowering time, and floret structure. However, the comprehensive functions of TaAQ and TaDq genes in wheat have not been fully elucidated yet. Here, CRISPR/SpCas9 was used to edit wheat TaAQ and TaDq. We obtained homozygous plants in the T₁ generation with loss of function of only TaAQ or TaDq and simultaneous loss of function of TaAQ and TaDq to analyze the effect of these genes on wheat spikes and floret shapes. The results demonstrated that the TaAQ-edited plants and the TaAQ and TaDq simultaneously-edited plants were nearly similar in spike architecture, whereas the TaDq-edited plants were different from the wild-type ones only in plant height. Moreover, the TaAQ-edited plants or the TaAQ and TaDq simultaneously-edited plants were more brittle than the wild-type and the TaDq-edited plants. Based on the expression profiling, we postulated that the VRN1, FUL2, SEP2, SEP5, and SEP6 genes might affect the number of spikelets and florets per spike in wheat by regulating the expression of TaQ. Combining the results of this report and previous reports, we conceived a regulatory network of wheat traits, including plant height, spike shape, and floral organs, which were influenced by AP2-like family genes. The results achieved in this study will help us to understand the regulating mechanisms of TaAQ and TaDq alleles on wheat floral organs and inflorescence development.

该TAQ等位基因为一体的AP2样普通小麦转录因子（小麦）扮演的穗特性野生进化到现代小麦品种的重要作用，并驯化二粒小麦。其功能丧失的突变体不仅改变了脱粒能力和穗结构，而且还影响了株高，开花时间和小花结构。然而，尚未完全阐明TaAQ和TaDq基因在小麦中的综合功能。在这里，CRISPR / SpCas9被用来编辑小麦TaAQ和TaDq。我们获得了T ₁代纯合植物，仅失去了TaAQ的功能或TaDq，同时丧失TaAQ和TaDq的功能，以分析这些基因对小麦穗状花序和小花形状的影响。结果表明，TaAQ编辑的植物以及TaAQ和TaDq同时编辑的植物在穗结构上几乎相似，而TaDq编辑的植物仅在株高上与野生型不同。而且，TaAQ编辑的植物或TaAQ和TaDq同时编辑的植物比野生型和TaDq更脆。编辑的植物。根据表达谱，我们推测VRN1，FUL2，SEP2，SEP5和SEP6基因可能通过调节TaQ的表达来影响小麦的小穗和小穗数。结合本报告和以前的报告的结果，我们构想了一个小麦特性的调控网络，包括受AP2样家族基因影响的株高，穗形和花器官。这项研究取得的结果将有助于我们了解TaAQ和TaDq等位基因对小麦花器官和花序发育的调控机制。