While the world has experience with many different types of infectious diseases, the current crisis related to the spread of COVID-19 has challenged epidemiologists and public health experts alike, leading to a rapid search for, and development of, new and innovative solutions to combat its spread. The transmission of this virus has infected more than 18.92 million people as of August 6, 2020, with over half a million deaths across the globe; the World Health Organization (WHO) has declared this a global pandemic. A multidisciplinary approach needs to be followed for diagnosis, treatment and tracking, especially between medical and computer sciences, so, a common ground is available to facilitate the research work at a faster pace. With this in mind, this survey paper aimed to explore and understand how and which different technological tools and techniques have been used within the context of COVID-19. The primary contribution of this paper is in its collation of the current state-of-the-art technological approaches applied to the context of COVID-19, and doing this in a holistic way, covering multiple disciplines and different perspectives. The analysis is widened by investigating Artificial Intelligence (AI) approaches for the diagnosis, anticipate infection and mortality rate by tracing contacts and targeted drug designing. Moreover, the impact of different kinds of medical data used in diagnosis, prognosis and pandemic analysis is also provided. This review paper covers both medical and technological perspectives to facilitate the virologists, AI researchers and policymakers while in combating the COVID-19 outbreak.

虽然世界对许多不同类型的传染病有经验，但当前与 COVID-19 传播相关的危机给流行病学家和公共卫生专家带来了挑战，导致人们快速寻找和开发新的创新解决方案来对抗它的传播。截至2020年8月6日，该病毒的传播已感染超过1892万人，全球死亡人数超过50万人；世界卫生组织（WHO）已宣布这是全球大流行病。诊断、治疗和追踪需要遵循多学科方法，特别是医学和计算机科学之间，因此，可以有一个共同点来促进更快的研究工作。考虑到这一点，本调查论文旨在探索和了解在 COVID-19 的背景下如何以及使用了哪些不同的技术工具和技术。本文的主要贡献在于整理了当前应用于 COVID-19 背景的最先进的技术方法，并以全面的方式进行了这项工作，涵盖了多个学科和不同的观点。通过研究人工智能 (AI) 诊断方法、通过追踪接触者和针对性药物设计来预测感染和死亡率，扩大了分析范围。此外，还提供了用于诊断、预后和流行病分析的不同类型的医疗数据的影响。这篇综述论文涵盖了医学和技术角度，以帮助病毒学家、人工智能研究人员和政策制定者抗击 COVID-19 疫情。