Prolidase is a metal-dependent peptidase specialized in the cleavage of dipeptides containing proline or hydroxyproline on their C-termini. Prolidase homologues are found in all kingdoms of life. The importance of prolidase in human health is underlined by a rare hereditary syndrome referred to as Prolidase Deficiency. A growing number of studies highlight the importance of prolidase in various other human conditions, including cancer. Some recent studies link prolidase's activity-independent regulatory role to tumorigenesis. Furthermore, the enzyme or engineered variants have some applications in biotechnology. In this short review, we aim to highlight different aspects of the protein the importance of which is increasingly recognized over the last years.

脯氨酸蛋白酶是一种金属依赖性肽酶，专门用于裂解在其C末端含有脯氨酸或羟脯氨酸的二肽。在所有生命王国中都发现了脯氨酸酶同系物。脯氨酸酶在人类健康中的重要性通过一种罕见的遗传综合征（称为脯氨酸酶缺乏症）得到了强调。越来越多的研究突显了蛋白酶在其他各种人类疾病中的重要性，包括癌症。最近的一些研究将脯氨酸蛋白酶的非活性调节作用与肿瘤发生联系起来。此外，酶或工程变体在生物技术中有一些应用。在这篇简短的综述中，我们旨在强调蛋白质的各个方面，在过去几年中，蛋白质的重要​​性日益得到认可。