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Ant community potential for pest control in olive groves: Management and landscape effects
Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment ( IF 6.0 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.agee.2020.107185
Carlos Martínez-Núñez , Pedro J. Rey , Teresa Salido , Antonio J. Manzaneda , Francisco M. Camacho , Jorge Isla

Abstract Ants are important pest control agents in many agroecosystems worldwide. However, little is known about how management, landscape complexity, their interaction, and the ecological contrast generated by different agricultural practices affect their communities and the potential pest control they can provide. Here, we surveyed ant communities in 40 paired olive groves with different agricultural management regimes across 20 localities spanning a wide range of landscape complexity at the regional scale. We also conducted field experiments with dummy plasticine models and fresh prey to explore the ant potential to control the two main pests of the olive tree (olive moth and olive fly). In addition, we calculated an index, the Ant-community Predation Function (APF), which informs about the predation pressure exerted by ant communities over these pests. Results show that: a) the maintenance of herb cover at intermediate landscape complexity sites maximizes the abundance and potential for pest control by ants; b) the ecological contrast affects ant abundance and ant richness but does not impact the predation function; c) APF is a good measure of pest control potential at the community level; and, d) Tapinoma nigerrimum is an important ant species for pest control in our system, which seems little affected by local or landscape heterogeneity. The maintenance of herb cover, organic farming and a certain landscape complexity is beneficial for ant communities and increase their contribution to pest control in olive groves.

中文翻译:

橄榄林中蚂蚁群落害虫防治的潜力:管理和景观影响

摘要 蚂蚁是全球许多农业生态系统中重要的害虫防治剂。然而,人们对管理、景观复杂性、它们的相互作用以及不同农业实践产生的生态对比如何影响他们的社区以及他们可以提供的潜在害虫控制知之甚少。在这里,我们调查了 20 个地区不同农业管理制度的 40 个配对橄榄园中的蚂蚁群落,这些地区涵盖了区域范围内广泛的景观复杂性。我们还使用虚拟橡皮泥模型和新鲜猎物进行了现场实验,以探索蚂蚁控制橄榄树两种主要害虫(橄榄蛾和橄榄蝇)的潜力。此外,我们计算了一个指数,蚂蚁社区捕食函数(APF),这说明了蚂蚁群落对这些害虫施加的捕食压力。结果表明:a) 在中等景观复杂性地点保持草本覆盖可以最大限度地提高蚂蚁防治害虫的数量和潜力;b) 生态对比影响蚂蚁丰度和蚂蚁丰富度,但不影响捕食功能;c) APF 是衡量社区水平害虫控制潜力的良好措施;d) Tapinoma nigerrimum 是我们系统中用于害虫控制的重要蚂蚁物种,它似乎不受局部或景观异质性的影响。保持药草覆盖、有机耕作和一定的景观复杂性有利于蚂蚁群落,并增加它们对橄榄树害虫防治的贡献。a) 在中间景观复杂性地点保持草本植物覆盖,最大限度地提高蚂蚁防治害虫的数量和潜力;b) 生态对比影响蚂蚁丰度和蚂蚁丰富度,但不影响捕食功能;c) APF 是衡量社区水平害虫控制潜力的良好措施;d) Tapinoma nigerrimum 是我们系统中用于害虫控制的重要蚂蚁物种,它似乎不受局部或景观异质性的影响。保持药草覆盖、有机耕作和一定的景观复杂性有利于蚂蚁群落,并增加它们对橄榄树害虫防治的贡献。a) 在中间景观复杂性地点保持草本植物覆盖,最大限度地提高蚂蚁防治害虫的数量和潜力;b) 生态对比影响蚂蚁丰度和蚂蚁丰富度,但不影响捕食功能;c) APF 是衡量社区水平害虫控制潜力的良好措施;d) Tapinoma nigerrimum 是我们系统中用于害虫控制的重要蚂蚁物种,它似乎不受局部或景观异质性的影响。保持药草覆盖、有机耕作和一定的景观复杂性有利于蚂蚁群落,并增加它们对橄榄树害虫防治的贡献。c) APF 是衡量社区水平害虫控制潜力的良好措施;d) Tapinoma nigerrimum 是我们系统中用于害虫控制的重要蚂蚁物种,它似乎不受局部或景观异质性的影响。保持药草覆盖、有机耕作和一定的景观复杂性有利于蚂蚁群落,并增加它们对橄榄树害虫防治的贡献。c) APF 是衡量社区水平害虫控制潜力的良好措施;d) Tapinoma nigerrimum 是我们系统中用于害虫控制的重要蚂蚁物种,它似乎不受局部或景观异质性的影响。保持药草覆盖、有机耕作和一定的景观复杂性有利于蚂蚁群落,并增加它们对橄榄树害虫防治的贡献。
更新日期:2021-01-01
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