Recently, various studies have shown that angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) acts as the “doorknob” that can be bound by the spike protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which conduces to its entrance to the host cells, and plays an important role in corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This paper aims to collect and sorts out the existing drugs, which exert the ability to block the binding of S protein and ACE2 so as to provide directions for the later drug development. By reviewing the existing literature, we expound the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 from the perspective of S protein and ACE2 binding, and summarize the drugs and compounds that can interfere with the interaction of spike protein and ACE2 receptor from different ways. We summarized five kinds of substances, including peptide P6, griffithsin, hr2p analogs, EK1, vaccine, monoclonal antibody, cholesterol-depleting agents, and extracts from traditional Chinese medicine. They can fight SARS-CoV-2 by specifically binding to ACE2 receptor, S protein, or blocking membrane fusion between the host and virus. ACE2 is the key point for SARS-CoV-2 to enter the cells, and it is also the focus of drug intervention. Our drug summary on this pathomechanism is expected to provide ideas for the drug research on SARS-CoV-2 and help to develop anti-coronavirus drugs of broad spectrum for future epidemics.

最近，多项研究表明，血管紧张素转换酶2（ACE2）作为“门把手”，可以与严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）的刺突蛋白结合，有助于其进入人体。宿主细胞，并在 2019 年冠状病毒病 (COVID-19) 中发挥重要作用。本文旨在收集和整理现有发挥阻断S蛋白与ACE2结合能力的药物，为后期药物研发提供方向。通过回顾现有文献，我们从S蛋白与ACE2结合的角度阐述了SARS-CoV-2的发病机制，并总结了可以从不同途径干扰刺突蛋白与ACE2受体相互作用的药物和化合物。我们总结了五种物质，包括肽P6、griffithsin、hr2p类似物、EK1、疫苗、单克隆抗体、胆固醇消耗剂和中药提取物。它们可以通过特异性结合 ACE2 受体、S 蛋白或阻断宿主与病毒之间的膜融合来对抗 SARS-CoV-2。 ACE2是SARS-CoV-2进入细胞的关键点，也是药物干预的重点。我们对该发病机制的药物总结有望为SARS-CoV-2的药物研究提供思路，并有助于开发针对未来流行病的广谱抗冠状病毒药物。